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Homoplasy and thick enamel in primates

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Title: Homoplasy and thick enamel in primates
Authors: Pampush, James D.1 jpampush@ufl.edu, Duque, Ana C.1 anaduque@ufl.edu, Burrows, Brittany R.1 brittanyrburrows@ufl.edu, Daegling, David J.1 daegling@ufl.edu, Kenney, William F.2 kenney@ufl.edu, McGraw, W. Scott3 mcgraw.43@osu.edu
Source: Journal of Human Evolution. Mar2013, Vol. 64 Issue 3, p216-224. 9p.
Subjects: Homoplasy, Primates, Hypothesis, Phytoliths, Thickness measurement, Enamel & enameling, Regression analysis
Abstract: Abstract: Traditionally, thick enamel has often been used to infer durophagy (i.e., hard nut and seed consumption) in extinct hominins. These inferences are based on the hypothesis that thick enamel is primarily an adaptation to prevent tooth fracture or chipping resulting from high-stress loads produced during the mastication of large hard foods. An alternative view argues that thick enamel may aid in maintaining tooth function in the face of gradual dental wear from grit, phytoliths and acid, which may be found in foods of widely varying hardness. We use estimates of primate dietary abrasiveness and recorded lifespan to test the hypothesis that enamel thickness is selectively responsive to lifetime dental wear resistance. We use data from the literature to relate enamel thickness to measures of dietary abrasiveness, diet profiles, and longevity for 17 primate species and performed linear regression using several combinations of these variables. We found a positive association between lifetime dietary wear and enamel thickness, suggesting that thick molar enamel in primates may have evolved as a means to resist wear apart from selection to resist tooth fracture. Assuming our estimates of lifetime dietary wear are accurate, we caution against ascribing thick enamel solely to the presence of hard-object feeding in paleoanthropological contexts without also considering primate lifespan and other aspects of feeding ecology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Journal of Human Evolution is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Homoplasy and thick enamel in primates
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pampush%2C+James+D%2E%22">Pampush, James D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> jpampush@ufl.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Duque%2C+Ana+C%2E%22">Duque, Ana C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> anaduque@ufl.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burrows%2C+Brittany+R%2E%22">Burrows, Brittany R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> brittanyrburrows@ufl.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Daegling%2C+David+J%2E%22">Daegling, David J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> daegling@ufl.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kenney%2C+William+F%2E%22">Kenney, William F.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> kenney@ufl.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McGraw%2C+W%2E+Scott%22">McGraw, W. Scott</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> mcgraw.43@osu.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Human+Evolution%22">Journal of Human Evolution</searchLink>. Mar2013, Vol. 64 Issue 3, p216-224. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Homoplasy%22">Homoplasy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Primates%22">Primates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hypothesis%22">Hypothesis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phytoliths%22">Phytoliths</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thickness+measurement%22">Thickness measurement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Enamel+%26+enameling%22">Enamel & enameling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regression+analysis%22">Regression analysis</searchLink>
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  Data: Abstract: Traditionally, thick enamel has often been used to infer durophagy (i.e., hard nut and seed consumption) in extinct hominins. These inferences are based on the hypothesis that thick enamel is primarily an adaptation to prevent tooth fracture or chipping resulting from high-stress loads produced during the mastication of large hard foods. An alternative view argues that thick enamel may aid in maintaining tooth function in the face of gradual dental wear from grit, phytoliths and acid, which may be found in foods of widely varying hardness. We use estimates of primate dietary abrasiveness and recorded lifespan to test the hypothesis that enamel thickness is selectively responsive to lifetime dental wear resistance. We use data from the literature to relate enamel thickness to measures of dietary abrasiveness, diet profiles, and longevity for 17 primate species and performed linear regression using several combinations of these variables. We found a positive association between lifetime dietary wear and enamel thickness, suggesting that thick molar enamel in primates may have evolved as a means to resist wear apart from selection to resist tooth fracture. Assuming our estimates of lifetime dietary wear are accurate, we caution against ascribing thick enamel solely to the presence of hard-object feeding in paleoanthropological contexts without also considering primate lifespan and other aspects of feeding ecology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Human Evolution is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.01.009
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 216
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      – SubjectFull: Homoplasy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Primates
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      – SubjectFull: Hypothesis
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      – SubjectFull: Phytoliths
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      – SubjectFull: Thickness measurement
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      – SubjectFull: Enamel & enameling
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      – SubjectFull: Regression analysis
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      – TitleFull: Homoplasy and thick enamel in primates
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              Text: Mar2013
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