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The effects of digitization on the elastographic signal-to-noise ratio

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Title: The effects of digitization on the elastographic signal-to-noise ratio
Authors: Srinivasan, S.1,2, Kallel, F.1,2, Ophir, J.1,2 Jonathan.Ophir@uth.tmc.edu
Source: Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. Nov2002, Vol. 28 Issue 11/12, p1521. 14p.
Subjects: Ultrasonic imaging, Radio frequency, Tissue analysis
Abstract: In elastography, the tissue under investigation is compressed and the resulting strain is estimated from the gradient of the displacement (time-delay) estimates. The displacements are typically estimated by cross-correlating the radiofrequency (RF) ultrasound signals of the pre- and postcompressed tissue. One of the parameters used to quantify the resulting quality of the elastogram is the elastographic signal-to-noise ratio (SNRe). For a uniformly elastic target (a single elastic modulus), the dependence of the SNRe on the applied strain has a bandpass characteristic that has been termed the strain filter. Theoretical expressions for the upper bound on the strain filter were developed earlier. Yet, simulated as well as experimental strain filters derived from uniformly elastic phantoms deviate from these upper bounds. The failure to achieve the upper bounds could be partially attributed to the fact that, in both simulations and experiments, the RF signals used to compute the TDEs are sampled and quantized. Using simulated models of uniformly elastic phantoms, a study of the dependence of the strain filter on the quantization and sampling rates was performed. The results indicated that the strain filter improves with both the sampling rate and the quantization, as expected. A theoretical analysis was done to incorporate quantization as a derating factor to the strain filter. (E-mail: Jonathan.Ophir@uth.tmc.edu) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ultrasound+in+Medicine+%26+Biology%22">Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology</searchLink>. Nov2002, Vol. 28 Issue 11/12, p1521. 14p.
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  Data: In elastography, the tissue under investigation is compressed and the resulting strain is estimated from the gradient of the displacement (time-delay) estimates. The displacements are typically estimated by cross-correlating the radiofrequency (RF) ultrasound signals of the pre- and postcompressed tissue. One of the parameters used to quantify the resulting quality of the elastogram is the elastographic signal-to-noise ratio (SNRe). For a uniformly elastic target (a single elastic modulus), the dependence of the SNRe on the applied strain has a bandpass characteristic that has been termed the strain filter. Theoretical expressions for the upper bound on the strain filter were developed earlier. Yet, simulated as well as experimental strain filters derived from uniformly elastic phantoms deviate from these upper bounds. The failure to achieve the upper bounds could be partially attributed to the fact that, in both simulations and experiments, the RF signals used to compute the TDEs are sampled and quantized. Using simulated models of uniformly elastic phantoms, a study of the dependence of the strain filter on the quantization and sampling rates was performed. The results indicated that the strain filter improves with both the sampling rate and the quantization, as expected. A theoretical analysis was done to incorporate quantization as a derating factor to the strain filter. (E-mail: Jonathan.Ophir@uth.tmc.edu) [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – SubjectFull: Radio frequency
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      – SubjectFull: Tissue analysis
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      – TitleFull: The effects of digitization on the elastographic signal-to-noise ratio
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              Text: Nov2002
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