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Microbial Reduction of Fe(III) under Alkaline Conditions Relevant to Geological Disposal.

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Title: Microbial Reduction of Fe(III) under Alkaline Conditions Relevant to Geological Disposal.
Authors: Williamson, Adam J.1, Morris, Katherine1, Shaw, Sam1, Byrne, James M.1,2, Boothman, Christopher1, Lloyd, Jonathan R.1 jon.lloyd@manchester.ac.uk
Source: Applied & Environmental Microbiology. Jun2013, Vol. 79 Issue 11, p3320-3326. 7p.
Subjects: Radioactive waste disposal in the ground, Ferric oxide, Sodic soils, Detection of microorganisms, Electrophiles, Anthraquinones, Vitamin B2, Biogeochemistry
Abstract: To determine whether biologically mediated Fe(III) reduction is possible under alkaline conditions in systems of relevance to geological disposal of radioactive wastes, a series of microcosm experiments was set up using hyperalkaline sediments (pH ~11.8) surrounding a legacy lime working site in Buxton, United Kingdom. The microcosms were incubated for 28 days and held at pH 10. There was clear evidence for anoxic microbial activity, with consumption of lactate (added as an electron donor) concomitant with the reduction of Fe(III) as ferrihydrite (added as the electron acceptor). The products of microbial Fe(III) reduction were black and magnetic, and a range of analyses, including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism confirmed the extensive formation of biomagnetite in this system. The addition of soluble exogenous and endogenous electron shuttles such as the humic analogue anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate and riboflavin increased both the initial rate and the final extent of Fe(III) reduction in comparison to the nonamended experiments. In addition, a soluble humic acid (Aldrich) also increased both the rate and the extent of Fe(III) reduction. These results show that microbial Fe(III) reduction can occur in conditions relevant to a geological disposal facility containing cement-based wasteforms that has evolved into a high pH environment over prolonged periods of time (>100,000 years). The potential impact of such processes on the biogeochemistry of a geological disposal facility is discussed, including possible coupling to the redox conditions and solubility of key radionuclides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Microbial Reduction of Fe(III) under Alkaline Conditions Relevant to Geological Disposal.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Williamson%2C+Adam+J%2E%22">Williamson, Adam J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Morris%2C+Katherine%22">Morris, Katherine</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shaw%2C+Sam%22">Shaw, Sam</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Byrne%2C+James+M%2E%22">Byrne, James M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Boothman%2C+Christopher%22">Boothman, Christopher</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lloyd%2C+Jonathan+R%2E%22">Lloyd, Jonathan R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> jon.lloyd@manchester.ac.uk</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radioactive+waste+disposal+in+the+ground%22">Radioactive waste disposal in the ground</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ferric+oxide%22">Ferric oxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sodic+soils%22">Sodic soils</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Detection+of+microorganisms%22">Detection of microorganisms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrophiles%22">Electrophiles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anthraquinones%22">Anthraquinones</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vitamin+B2%22">Vitamin B2</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biogeochemistry%22">Biogeochemistry</searchLink>
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  Data: To determine whether biologically mediated Fe(III) reduction is possible under alkaline conditions in systems of relevance to geological disposal of radioactive wastes, a series of microcosm experiments was set up using hyperalkaline sediments (pH ~11.8) surrounding a legacy lime working site in Buxton, United Kingdom. The microcosms were incubated for 28 days and held at pH 10. There was clear evidence for anoxic microbial activity, with consumption of lactate (added as an electron donor) concomitant with the reduction of Fe(III) as ferrihydrite (added as the electron acceptor). The products of microbial Fe(III) reduction were black and magnetic, and a range of analyses, including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism confirmed the extensive formation of biomagnetite in this system. The addition of soluble exogenous and endogenous electron shuttles such as the humic analogue anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate and riboflavin increased both the initial rate and the final extent of Fe(III) reduction in comparison to the nonamended experiments. In addition, a soluble humic acid (Aldrich) also increased both the rate and the extent of Fe(III) reduction. These results show that microbial Fe(III) reduction can occur in conditions relevant to a geological disposal facility containing cement-based wasteforms that has evolved into a high pH environment over prolonged periods of time (>100,000 years). The potential impact of such processes on the biogeochemistry of a geological disposal facility is discussed, including possible coupling to the redox conditions and solubility of key radionuclides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Applied & Environmental Microbiology is the property of American Society for Microbiology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1128/AEM.03063-12
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 3320
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Radioactive waste disposal in the ground
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ferric oxide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sodic soils
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Detection of microorganisms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrophiles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anthraquinones
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vitamin B2
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biogeochemistry
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Microbial Reduction of Fe(III) under Alkaline Conditions Relevant to Geological Disposal.
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              M: 06
              Text: Jun2013
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              Y: 2013
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              Value: 79
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