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Relationships between palaeogeography and opal occurrence in Australia: A data-mining approach.

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Title: Relationships between palaeogeography and opal occurrence in Australia: A data-mining approach.
Authors: Landgrebe, T.C.W.1 landgrebetcw@gmail.com, Merdith, A.1 amer7632@uni.sydney.edu.au, Dutkiewicz, A.1 adriana.dutkiewicz@sydney.edu.au, Müller, R.D.1 dietmar.muller@sydney.edu.au
Source: Computers & Geosciences. Jul2013, Vol. 56, p76-82. 7p.
Subjects: Paleogeography, OPAL detectors, Data mining, Geology, Cretaceous Period, Time-varying systems
Geographic Terms: Australia
Abstract: Abstract: Age-coded multi-layered geological datasets are becoming increasingly prevalent with the surge in open-access geodata, yet there are few methodologies for extracting geological information and knowledge from these data. We present a novel methodology, based on the open-source GPlates software in which age-coded digital palaeogeographic maps are used to “data-mine” spatio-temporal patterns related to the occurrence of Australian opal. Our aim is to test the concept that only a particular sequence of depositional/erosional environments may lead to conditions suitable for the formation of gem quality sedimentary opal. Time-varying geographic environment properties are extracted from a digital palaeogeographic dataset of the eastern Australian Great Artesian Basin (GAB) at 1036 opal localities. We obtain a total of 52 independent ordinal sequences sampling 19 time slices from the Early Cretaceous to the present-day. We find that 95% of the known opal deposits are tied to only 27 sequences all comprising fluvial and shallow marine depositional sequences followed by a prolonged phase of erosion. We then map the total area of the GAB that matches these 27 opal-specific sequences, resulting in an opal-prospective region of only about 10% of the total area of the basin. The key patterns underlying this association involve only a small number of key environmental transitions. We demonstrate that these key associations are generally absent at arbitrary locations in the basin. This new methodology allows for the simplification of a complex time-varying geological dataset into a single map view, enabling straightforward application for opal exploration and for future co-assessment with other datasets/geological criteria. This approach may help unravel the poorly understood opal formation process using an empirical spatio-temporal data-mining methodology and readily available datasets to aid hypothesis testing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Computers & Geosciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Relationships between palaeogeography and opal occurrence in Australia: A data-mining approach.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Landgrebe%2C+T%2EC%2EW%2E%22">Landgrebe, T.C.W.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> landgrebetcw@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Merdith%2C+A%2E%22">Merdith, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> amer7632@uni.sydney.edu.au</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dutkiewicz%2C+A%2E%22">Dutkiewicz, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> adriana.dutkiewicz@sydney.edu.au</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Müller%2C+R%2ED%2E%22">Müller, R.D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> dietmar.muller@sydney.edu.au</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Computers+%26+Geosciences%22">Computers & Geosciences</searchLink>. Jul2013, Vol. 56, p76-82. 7p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Paleogeography%22">Paleogeography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22OPAL+detectors%22">OPAL detectors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+mining%22">Data mining</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geology%22">Geology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cretaceous+Period%22">Cretaceous Period</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Time-varying+systems%22">Time-varying systems</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Australia%22">Australia</searchLink>
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  Data: Abstract: Age-coded multi-layered geological datasets are becoming increasingly prevalent with the surge in open-access geodata, yet there are few methodologies for extracting geological information and knowledge from these data. We present a novel methodology, based on the open-source GPlates software in which age-coded digital palaeogeographic maps are used to “data-mine” spatio-temporal patterns related to the occurrence of Australian opal. Our aim is to test the concept that only a particular sequence of depositional/erosional environments may lead to conditions suitable for the formation of gem quality sedimentary opal. Time-varying geographic environment properties are extracted from a digital palaeogeographic dataset of the eastern Australian Great Artesian Basin (GAB) at 1036 opal localities. We obtain a total of 52 independent ordinal sequences sampling 19 time slices from the Early Cretaceous to the present-day. We find that 95% of the known opal deposits are tied to only 27 sequences all comprising fluvial and shallow marine depositional sequences followed by a prolonged phase of erosion. We then map the total area of the GAB that matches these 27 opal-specific sequences, resulting in an opal-prospective region of only about 10% of the total area of the basin. The key patterns underlying this association involve only a small number of key environmental transitions. We demonstrate that these key associations are generally absent at arbitrary locations in the basin. This new methodology allows for the simplification of a complex time-varying geological dataset into a single map view, enabling straightforward application for opal exploration and for future co-assessment with other datasets/geological criteria. This approach may help unravel the poorly understood opal formation process using an empirical spatio-temporal data-mining methodology and readily available datasets to aid hypothesis testing. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Computers & Geosciences is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.02.002
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        Text: English
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Paleogeography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: OPAL detectors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data mining
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cretaceous Period
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Time-varying systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Australia
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Relationships between palaeogeography and opal occurrence in Australia: A data-mining approach.
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              Text: Jul2013
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              Y: 2013
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