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Molecular level characterization of methyl sugars in marine high molecular weight dissolved organic matter.

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Title: Molecular level characterization of methyl sugars in marine high molecular weight dissolved organic matter.
Authors: Panagiotopoulos, Christos1,2 christos.panagiotopoulos@univ-amu.fr, Repeta, Daniel J.3, Mathieu, Laura1,2, Rontani, Jean-François1,2, Sempéré, Richard1,2
Source: Marine Chemistry. Aug2013, Vol. 154, p34-45. 12p.
Subjects: Molecular biology, Dissolved organic matter, Methyl groups, Sugars, Seawater, Ultrafiltration, Chromatographic analysis, Hydrolysis
Abstract: Abstract: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the largest active organic carbon reservoir in the ocean (662GT C), a major fraction (>95%) of which remains chemically uncharacterized. The concentration and isolation of DOM from seawater by ultrafiltration facilitates its chemical characterization by spectroscopic techniques. Using ultrafiltration, silver cation preparative chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS), we identified 50 novel sugar compounds after hydrolysis of the high molecular weight dissolved organic matter fraction (HMWDOM; the fraction of DOM isolated after ultrafiltration). Sugars were identified by comparison of their mass spectra with those of chemically synthetized standards and with spectra previously described in the literature. Our results showed that mono- and di-methylated hexoses; mono- and di-methylated pentoses; mono- and di-methylated 6-deoxysugars, as well as heptoses, methylated heptoses, 3,6-dideoxysugars and 1,6 anhydrosugars (levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan) are components of HMWDOM, which may explain the low apparent yields of sugars recovered by molecular level (HPLC) analyses of HMWDOM after hydrolysis. From three depths spanning the surface (15m) to bathypelagic (1800m) ocean in the North Pacific near Hawaii our results showed that mono- and di-methylated hexoses were most abundant in the surface sample (64% of the total identified methylated sugar compounds), while at 1800m monomethylated 6-deoxysugars were the dominant sugars (42% of the total identified methylated sugar compounds). The high diversity of mono- and di-methylated hexoses in the surface sample most likely suggests an algal and/or bacterial source, while the high abundance of methylated 6-deoxy hexoses in the deep sample points toward an important bacterial contribution because the latter sugars are mostly found in bacterial lipopolysaccharides as well as highly degraded organic material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Marine Chemistry is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 89303169
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Molecular level characterization of methyl sugars in marine high molecular weight dissolved organic matter.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Panagiotopoulos%2C+Christos%22">Panagiotopoulos, Christos</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> christos.panagiotopoulos@univ-amu.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Repeta%2C+Daniel+J%2E%22">Repeta, Daniel J.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mathieu%2C+Laura%22">Mathieu, Laura</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rontani%2C+Jean-François%22">Rontani, Jean-François</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sempéré%2C+Richard%22">Sempéré, Richard</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Marine+Chemistry%22">Marine Chemistry</searchLink>. Aug2013, Vol. 154, p34-45. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Molecular+biology%22">Molecular biology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dissolved+organic+matter%22">Dissolved organic matter</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Methyl+groups%22">Methyl groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sugars%22">Sugars</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Seawater%22">Seawater</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ultrafiltration%22">Ultrafiltration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chromatographic+analysis%22">Chromatographic analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrolysis%22">Hydrolysis</searchLink>
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  Data: Abstract: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the largest active organic carbon reservoir in the ocean (662GT C), a major fraction (>95%) of which remains chemically uncharacterized. The concentration and isolation of DOM from seawater by ultrafiltration facilitates its chemical characterization by spectroscopic techniques. Using ultrafiltration, silver cation preparative chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS), we identified 50 novel sugar compounds after hydrolysis of the high molecular weight dissolved organic matter fraction (HMWDOM; the fraction of DOM isolated after ultrafiltration). Sugars were identified by comparison of their mass spectra with those of chemically synthetized standards and with spectra previously described in the literature. Our results showed that mono- and di-methylated hexoses; mono- and di-methylated pentoses; mono- and di-methylated 6-deoxysugars, as well as heptoses, methylated heptoses, 3,6-dideoxysugars and 1,6 anhydrosugars (levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan) are components of HMWDOM, which may explain the low apparent yields of sugars recovered by molecular level (HPLC) analyses of HMWDOM after hydrolysis. From three depths spanning the surface (15m) to bathypelagic (1800m) ocean in the North Pacific near Hawaii our results showed that mono- and di-methylated hexoses were most abundant in the surface sample (64% of the total identified methylated sugar compounds), while at 1800m monomethylated 6-deoxysugars were the dominant sugars (42% of the total identified methylated sugar compounds). The high diversity of mono- and di-methylated hexoses in the surface sample most likely suggests an algal and/or bacterial source, while the high abundance of methylated 6-deoxy hexoses in the deep sample points toward an important bacterial contribution because the latter sugars are mostly found in bacterial lipopolysaccharides as well as highly degraded organic material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Marine Chemistry is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.marchem.2013.04.003
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 34
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Molecular biology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dissolved organic matter
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Methyl groups
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sugars
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seawater
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ultrafiltration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chromatographic analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrolysis
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Molecular level characterization of methyl sugars in marine high molecular weight dissolved organic matter.
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            NameFull: Panagiotopoulos, Christos
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            NameFull: Repeta, Daniel J.
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            NameFull: Mathieu, Laura
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            NameFull: Rontani, Jean-François
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              Text: Aug2013
              Type: published
              Y: 2013
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              Value: 154
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