A scientific approach to the characterization of the painting materials of Fra Mattia della Robbia polychrome terracotta altarpiece.
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| Title: | A scientific approach to the characterization of the painting materials of Fra Mattia della Robbia polychrome terracotta altarpiece. |
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| Authors: | Amadori, M. L.1 maria.amadori@uniurb.it, Barcelli, S.1, Casoli, A.2, Mazzeo, R.3, Prati, S.3 |
| Source: | Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing. Dec2013, Vol. 113 Issue 4, p1055-1064. 10p. |
| Subjects: | Terra-cotta sculpture, Polychromy, Gilding, Altarpieces, Mixtures, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Cross-sectional method |
| Abstract: | During the last restoration (2008–2011) of the polychrome terracotta altarpiece called Coronation of Virgin between Saints Rocco, Sebastian, Peter martyr and Antonio abbot, located in the collegiate church of S. Maria Assunta in Montecassiano (Macerata, Italy), scientific investigations were carried out to acquire detailed information about the painting technique. The identification of materials allowed a correct restoration. The altarpiece is almost entirely realized by Marco della Robbia (Fra Mattia), dates back to the first half of the XVI century and represents an interesting example of painted terracotta produced by using two different techniques: glazed polychrome terracotta and the “cold painting” technique. The characterization of the samples’ material constituents was obtained by analysing the cross-sections and the fragments by different techniques (optical, SEM-EDS and ATR-FTIR microscopy as well as GC-MS), as the real nature of a component is often difficult to assess with one single technique. The optical microscope examination of paint cross-sections shows the presence of many layers, indicating the complexity of the paint stratigraphic morphologies. The original polychromy of della Robbia’s masterpiece is constituted of cinnabar, red lake, red lead, orpiment, red ochre, lead white, lead tin yellow, green earth and raw umber. Two different types of gilding technique have been distinguished. The first one presents a glue mordant, and the second one shows an oil mordant composed by a mixture of red lead, red ochre, cinnabar and orpiment. The GC-MS analysis allowed the characterisation of linseed oil and a mixture of animal glue and egg as binding media stratigraphically located by the use of ATR-FTIR mapping microscopy. The analytical results of the painted terracotta integrated investigations show that original technique adopted is characterised by the application of pigments in an oil-binding medium directly applied on the substrates, probably treated with oil and animal glue. A large number of overpaintings above the original scheme of polychromy was found, which could be ascribed to almost three different interventions; the absence of modern pigments suggests that they could be realized long ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 91927318 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: A scientific approach to the characterization of the painting materials of Fra Mattia della Robbia polychrome terracotta altarpiece. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amadori%2C+M%2E+L%2E%22">Amadori, M. L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> maria.amadori@uniurb.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barcelli%2C+S%2E%22">Barcelli, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Casoli%2C+A%2E%22">Casoli, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mazzeo%2C+R%2E%22">Mazzeo, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Prati%2C+S%2E%22">Prati, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Applied+Physics+A%3A+Materials+Science+%26+Processing%22">Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing</searchLink>. Dec2013, Vol. 113 Issue 4, p1055-1064. 10p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Terra-cotta+sculpture%22">Terra-cotta sculpture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polychromy%22">Polychromy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gilding%22">Gilding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Altarpieces%22">Altarpieces</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mixtures%22">Mixtures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fourier+transform+infrared+spectroscopy%22">Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: During the last restoration (2008–2011) of the polychrome terracotta altarpiece called Coronation of Virgin between Saints Rocco, Sebastian, Peter martyr and Antonio abbot, located in the collegiate church of S. Maria Assunta in Montecassiano (Macerata, Italy), scientific investigations were carried out to acquire detailed information about the painting technique. The identification of materials allowed a correct restoration. The altarpiece is almost entirely realized by Marco della Robbia (Fra Mattia), dates back to the first half of the XVI century and represents an interesting example of painted terracotta produced by using two different techniques: glazed polychrome terracotta and the “cold painting” technique. The characterization of the samples’ material constituents was obtained by analysing the cross-sections and the fragments by different techniques (optical, SEM-EDS and ATR-FTIR microscopy as well as GC-MS), as the real nature of a component is often difficult to assess with one single technique. The optical microscope examination of paint cross-sections shows the presence of many layers, indicating the complexity of the paint stratigraphic morphologies. The original polychromy of della Robbia’s masterpiece is constituted of cinnabar, red lake, red lead, orpiment, red ochre, lead white, lead tin yellow, green earth and raw umber. Two different types of gilding technique have been distinguished. The first one presents a glue mordant, and the second one shows an oil mordant composed by a mixture of red lead, red ochre, cinnabar and orpiment. The GC-MS analysis allowed the characterisation of linseed oil and a mixture of animal glue and egg as binding media stratigraphically located by the use of ATR-FTIR mapping microscopy. The analytical results of the painted terracotta integrated investigations show that original technique adopted is characterised by the application of pigments in an oil-binding medium directly applied on the substrates, probably treated with oil and animal glue. A large number of overpaintings above the original scheme of polychromy was found, which could be ascribed to almost three different interventions; the absence of modern pigments suggests that they could be realized long ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s00339-013-7748-6 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 10 StartPage: 1055 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Terra-cotta sculpture Type: general – SubjectFull: Polychromy Type: general – SubjectFull: Gilding Type: general – SubjectFull: Altarpieces Type: general – SubjectFull: Mixtures Type: general – SubjectFull: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Type: general – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: A scientific approach to the characterization of the painting materials of Fra Mattia della Robbia polychrome terracotta altarpiece. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Amadori, M. L. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Barcelli, S. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Casoli, A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Mazzeo, R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Prati, S. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 12 Text: Dec2013 Type: published Y: 2013 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 09478396 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 113 – Type: issue Value: 4 Titles: – TitleFull: Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing Type: main |
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