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Simulation of realistic linac motion improves the accuracy of a Monte Carlo based VMAT plan QA system.

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Title: Simulation of realistic linac motion improves the accuracy of a Monte Carlo based VMAT plan QA system.
Authors: Boylan, Christopher J.1,2 christopher.boylan@christie.nhs.uk, Aitkenhead, Adam H.1,2, Rowbottom, Carl G.1,2, Mackay, Ranald I.1,2
Source: Radiotherapy & Oncology. Dec2013, Vol. 109 Issue 3, p377-383. 7p.
Subjects: Computers in medicine, Radiation dosimetry, Numerical calculations, Emulation software, Quality assurance, Monte Carlo method, Comparative studies
Abstract: Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the use of a software-based pre-treatment QA system for VMAT, which incorporates realistic linac motion during delivery. Methods: A beam model was produced using the GATE platform for GEANT4 Monte Carlo dose calculations. Initially validated against static measurements, the model was then integrated with a VMAT delivery emulator, which reads plan files and generates a set of dynamic delivery instructions analogous to the linac control system. Monte Carlo simulations were compared to measurements on dosimetric phantoms for prostate and head and neck VMAT plans. Comparisons were made between calculations using fixed control points, and simulations of continuous motion utilising the emulator. For routine use, the model was incorporated into an automated pre-treatment QA system. Results: The model showed better agreement with measurements when incorporating linac motion: mean gamma pass (Γ <1) over 5 prostate plans was 100.0% at 3%/3mm and 97.4% at 2%/2mm when compared to measurement. For the head and neck plans, delivered to the anatomical phantom, gamma passes were 99.4% at 4%/4mm and 94.94% at 3%/3mm. For example simulations within patient CT data, gamma passes were observed which are within our centre’s tolerance for pre-treatment QA. Conclusions: Through comparison to phantom measurements, it was found that the incorporation of a realistic linac motion improves the accuracy of the model compared to the simulation of fixed control points. The ability to accurately calculate dose as a second check of the planning system, and determine realistic delivery characteristics, may allow for the reduction of machine-based pre-treatment plan QA for VMAT. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Radiotherapy & Oncology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Simulation of realistic linac motion improves the accuracy of a Monte Carlo based VMAT plan QA system.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Boylan%2C+Christopher+J%2E%22&quot;&gt;Boylan, Christopher J.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;i&gt; christopher.boylan@christie.nhs.uk&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Aitkenhead%2C+Adam+H%2E%22&quot;&gt;Aitkenhead, Adam H.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Rowbottom%2C+Carl+G%2E%22&quot;&gt;Rowbottom, Carl G.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Mackay%2C+Ranald+I%2E%22&quot;&gt;Mackay, Ranald I.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Radiotherapy+%26+Oncology%22&quot;&gt;Radiotherapy &amp; Oncology&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Dec2013, Vol. 109 Issue 3, p377-383. 7p.
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  Data: Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the use of a software-based pre-treatment QA system for VMAT, which incorporates realistic linac motion during delivery. Methods: A beam model was produced using the GATE platform for GEANT4 Monte Carlo dose calculations. Initially validated against static measurements, the model was then integrated with a VMAT delivery emulator, which reads plan files and generates a set of dynamic delivery instructions analogous to the linac control system. Monte Carlo simulations were compared to measurements on dosimetric phantoms for prostate and head and neck VMAT plans. Comparisons were made between calculations using fixed control points, and simulations of continuous motion utilising the emulator. For routine use, the model was incorporated into an automated pre-treatment QA system. Results: The model showed better agreement with measurements when incorporating linac motion: mean gamma pass (Γ &lt;1) over 5 prostate plans was 100.0% at 3%/3mm and 97.4% at 2%/2mm when compared to measurement. For the head and neck plans, delivered to the anatomical phantom, gamma passes were 99.4% at 4%/4mm and 94.94% at 3%/3mm. For example simulations within patient CT data, gamma passes were observed which are within our centre’s tolerance for pre-treatment QA. Conclusions: Through comparison to phantom measurements, it was found that the incorporation of a realistic linac motion improves the accuracy of the model compared to the simulation of fixed control points. The ability to accurately calculate dose as a second check of the planning system, and determine realistic delivery characteristics, may allow for the reduction of machine-based pre-treatment plan QA for VMAT. [Copyright &amp;y&amp; Elsevier]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Radiotherapy &amp; Oncology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.08.046
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 377
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Computers in medicine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radiation dosimetry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Numerical calculations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emulation software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Quality assurance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Monte Carlo method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Simulation of realistic linac motion improves the accuracy of a Monte Carlo based VMAT plan QA system.
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            NameFull: Boylan, Christopher J.
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            NameFull: Aitkenhead, Adam H.
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            NameFull: Mackay, Ranald I.
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2013
              Type: published
              Y: 2013
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              Value: 01678140
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              Value: 109
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          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Radiotherapy & Oncology
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