Mathematical model of blood and interstitial flow and lymph production in the liver.
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| Title: | Mathematical model of blood and interstitial flow and lymph production in the liver. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Siggers, Jennifer1 j.siggers@imperial.ac.uk, Leungchavaphongse, Kritsada1, Ho, Chong1, Repetto, Rodolfo2 rodolfo.repetto@unige.it |
| Source: | Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology. Apr2014, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p363-378. 16p. |
| Subjects: | Blood flow, Extracellular fluid, Liver physiology, Lymph nodes, Portal hypertension, Mathematical models |
| Abstract: | We present a mathematical model of blood and interstitial flow in the liver. The liver is treated as a lattice of hexagonal 'classic' lobules, which are assumed to be long enough that end effects may be neglected and a two-dimensional problem considered. Since sinusoids and lymphatic vessels are numerous and small compared to the lobule, we use a homogenized approach, describing the sinusoidal and interstitial spaces as porous media. We model plasma filtration from sinusoids to the interstitium, lymph uptake by lymphatic ducts, and lymph outflow from the liver surface. Our results show that the effect of the liver surface only penetrates a depth of a few lobules' thickness into the tissue. Thus, we separately consider a single lobule lying sufficiently far from all external boundaries that we may regard it as being in an infinite lattice, and also a model of the region near the liver surface. The model predicts that slightly more lymph is produced by interstitial fluid flowing through the liver surface than that taken up by the lymphatic vessels in the liver and that the non-peritonealized region of the surface of the liver results in the total lymph production (uptake by lymphatics plus fluid crossing surface) being about 5 % more than if the entire surface were covered by the Glisson-peritoneal membrane. Estimates of lymph outflow through the surface of the liver are in good agreement with experimental data. We also study the effect of non-physiological values of the controlling parameters, particularly focusing on the conditions of portal hypertension and ascites. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to model lymph production in the liver. The model provides clinically relevant information about lymph outflow pathways and predicts the systemic response to pathological variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 95124316 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Mathematical model of blood and interstitial flow and lymph production in the liver. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Siggers%2C+Jennifer%22">Siggers, Jennifer</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> j.siggers@imperial.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Leungchavaphongse%2C+Kritsada%22">Leungchavaphongse, Kritsada</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ho%2C+Chong%22">Ho, Chong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Repetto%2C+Rodolfo%22">Repetto, Rodolfo</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> rodolfo.repetto@unige.it</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Biomechanics+%26+Modeling+in+Mechanobiology%22">Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology</searchLink>. Apr2014, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p363-378. 16p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Blood+flow%22">Blood flow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Extracellular+fluid%22">Extracellular fluid</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Liver+physiology%22">Liver physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lymph+nodes%22">Lymph nodes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Portal+hypertension%22">Portal hypertension</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematical+models%22">Mathematical models</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: We present a mathematical model of blood and interstitial flow in the liver. The liver is treated as a lattice of hexagonal 'classic' lobules, which are assumed to be long enough that end effects may be neglected and a two-dimensional problem considered. Since sinusoids and lymphatic vessels are numerous and small compared to the lobule, we use a homogenized approach, describing the sinusoidal and interstitial spaces as porous media. We model plasma filtration from sinusoids to the interstitium, lymph uptake by lymphatic ducts, and lymph outflow from the liver surface. Our results show that the effect of the liver surface only penetrates a depth of a few lobules' thickness into the tissue. Thus, we separately consider a single lobule lying sufficiently far from all external boundaries that we may regard it as being in an infinite lattice, and also a model of the region near the liver surface. The model predicts that slightly more lymph is produced by interstitial fluid flowing through the liver surface than that taken up by the lymphatic vessels in the liver and that the non-peritonealized region of the surface of the liver results in the total lymph production (uptake by lymphatics plus fluid crossing surface) being about 5 % more than if the entire surface were covered by the Glisson-peritoneal membrane. Estimates of lymph outflow through the surface of the liver are in good agreement with experimental data. We also study the effect of non-physiological values of the controlling parameters, particularly focusing on the conditions of portal hypertension and ascites. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to model lymph production in the liver. The model provides clinically relevant information about lymph outflow pathways and predicts the systemic response to pathological variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s10237-013-0516-x Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 16 StartPage: 363 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Blood flow Type: general – SubjectFull: Extracellular fluid Type: general – SubjectFull: Liver physiology Type: general – SubjectFull: Lymph nodes Type: general – SubjectFull: Portal hypertension Type: general – SubjectFull: Mathematical models Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Mathematical model of blood and interstitial flow and lymph production in the liver. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Siggers, Jennifer – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Leungchavaphongse, Kritsada – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ho, Chong – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Repetto, Rodolfo IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 04 Text: Apr2014 Type: published Y: 2014 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 16177959 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 13 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology Type: main |
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