Preliminary assessment of facial soft tissue thickness utilizing three-dimensional computed tomography models of living individuals.
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| Title: | Preliminary assessment of facial soft tissue thickness utilizing three-dimensional computed tomography models of living individuals. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Parks, Connie L.1, Richard, Adam H.1, Monson, Keith L.2 Keith.Monson@ic.fbi.gov |
| Source: | Forensic Science International. 2014, Vol. 237, p146.e1-146.e10. 10p. |
| Subjects: | Forensic anthropology, Facial reconstruction (Anthropology), Computed tomography, Meta-analysis |
| Geographic Terms: | United States |
| Abstract: | Facial approximation is the technique of developing a representation of the face from the skull of an unknown individual. Facial approximation relies heavily on average craniofacial soft tissue depths. For more than a century, researchers have employed a broad array of tissue depth collection methodologies, a practice which has resulted in a lack of standardization in craniofacial soft tissue depth research. To combat such methodological inconsistencies, Stephan and Simpson 2008 [15] examined and synthesized a large number of previously published soft tissue depth studies. Their comprehensive meta-analysis produced a pooled dataset of averaged tissue depths and a simplified methodology, which the researchers suggest be utilized as a minimum standard protocol for future craniofacial soft tissue depth research. The authors of the present paper collected craniofacial soft tissue depths using threedimensional models generated from computed tomography scans of living males and females of four self-identified ancestry groups from the United States ranging in age from 18 to 62 years. This paper assesses the differences between: (i) the pooled mean tissue depth values from the sample utilized in this paper and those published by Stephan 2012 [21] and (ii) the mean tissue depth values of two demographically similar subsets of the sample utilized in this paper and those published by Rhine and Moore 1984 [16]. Statistical test results indicate that the tissue depths collected from the sample evaluated in this paper are significantly and consistently larger than those published by Stephan 2012 [21]. Although a lack of published variance data by Rhine and Moore 1984 [16] precluded a direct statistical assessment, a substantive difference was also concluded. Further, the dataset presented in this study is representative of modern American adults and is, therefore, appropriate for use in constructing contemporary facial approximations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Forensic Science International is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 95257609 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Preliminary assessment of facial soft tissue thickness utilizing three-dimensional computed tomography models of living individuals. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Parks%2C+Connie+L%2E%22">Parks, Connie L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Richard%2C+Adam+H%2E%22">Richard, Adam H.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Monson%2C+Keith+L%2E%22">Monson, Keith L.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> Keith.Monson@ic.fbi.gov</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Forensic+Science+International%22">Forensic Science International</searchLink>. 2014, Vol. 237, p146.e1-146.e10. 10p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forensic+anthropology%22">Forensic anthropology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Facial+reconstruction+%28Anthropology%29%22">Facial reconstruction (Anthropology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computed+tomography%22">Computed tomography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Meta-analysis%22">Meta-analysis</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Facial approximation is the technique of developing a representation of the face from the skull of an unknown individual. Facial approximation relies heavily on average craniofacial soft tissue depths. For more than a century, researchers have employed a broad array of tissue depth collection methodologies, a practice which has resulted in a lack of standardization in craniofacial soft tissue depth research. To combat such methodological inconsistencies, Stephan and Simpson 2008 [15] examined and synthesized a large number of previously published soft tissue depth studies. Their comprehensive meta-analysis produced a pooled dataset of averaged tissue depths and a simplified methodology, which the researchers suggest be utilized as a minimum standard protocol for future craniofacial soft tissue depth research. The authors of the present paper collected craniofacial soft tissue depths using threedimensional models generated from computed tomography scans of living males and females of four self-identified ancestry groups from the United States ranging in age from 18 to 62 years. This paper assesses the differences between: (i) the pooled mean tissue depth values from the sample utilized in this paper and those published by Stephan 2012 [21] and (ii) the mean tissue depth values of two demographically similar subsets of the sample utilized in this paper and those published by Rhine and Moore 1984 [16]. Statistical test results indicate that the tissue depths collected from the sample evaluated in this paper are significantly and consistently larger than those published by Stephan 2012 [21]. Although a lack of published variance data by Rhine and Moore 1984 [16] precluded a direct statistical assessment, a substantive difference was also concluded. Further, the dataset presented in this study is representative of modern American adults and is, therefore, appropriate for use in constructing contemporary facial approximations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Forensic Science International is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.12.043 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 10 StartPage: 146.e1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Forensic anthropology Type: general – SubjectFull: Facial reconstruction (Anthropology) Type: general – SubjectFull: Computed tomography Type: general – SubjectFull: Meta-analysis Type: general – SubjectFull: United States Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Preliminary assessment of facial soft tissue thickness utilizing three-dimensional computed tomography models of living individuals. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Parks, Connie L. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Richard, Adam H. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Monson, Keith L. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 04 Text: 2014 Type: published Y: 2014 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 03790738 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 237 Titles: – TitleFull: Forensic Science International Type: main |
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