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Assessing lava flow evolution from post-eruption field data using Herschel–Bulkley rheology.

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Title: Assessing lava flow evolution from post-eruption field data using Herschel–Bulkley rheology.
Authors: Castruccio, Angelo1,2 acastruc@ing.uchile.cl, Rust, A.C.3, Sparks, R.S.J.3
Source: Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research. Apr2014, Vol. 275, p71-84. 14p.
Subjects: Lava flows, Volcanic eruptions, Herschel-Bulkley model, Rheology, Petrology, Flow velocity
Abstract: Abstract: We present a method to estimate the rheology of a lava flow and reconstruct variations of eruption parameters from measurements of flow dimensions together with petrological analysis of samples from the solidified flow. The model assumes a Herschel–Bulkley lava rheology, which we demonstrate is a reasonable approximation from new analyses of samples and rheological measurements from past eruptions of Etna volcano, as well as published data for other lava compositions and crystal contents. We present a simplified 2-D model for the flow of a Herschel–Bulkley fluid over an inclined plane with a constant flux from a vent, which we validate with analogue experiments scaled to typical conditions of lava flows. Further analogue experiments with two fluids of different rheologies demonstrate the dominance of the rheology at the flow front in controlling the advance rate of the flow. The Herschel–Bulkley flow model was applied to a lava flow of the 2002 eruption on Etna volcano. Flow velocity and effusion rate were calculated from the post-eruption flow dimensions and rheology estimates along the length of the flow were based on the crystal content and glass compositions of samples. The results compare well with the observations during the eruption, with a mean flow rate of 19.5m3/s, which is in the range of the 15–20m3/s calculated by previous authors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 95387772
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: Assessing lava flow evolution from post-eruption field data using Herschel–Bulkley rheology.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Castruccio%2C+Angelo%22">Castruccio, Angelo</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> acastruc@ing.uchile.cl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rust%2C+A%2EC%2E%22">Rust, A.C.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sparks%2C+R%2ES%2EJ%2E%22">Sparks, R.S.J.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Volcanology+%26+Geothermal+Research%22">Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research</searchLink>. Apr2014, Vol. 275, p71-84. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lava+flows%22">Lava flows</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Volcanic+eruptions%22">Volcanic eruptions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Herschel-Bulkley+model%22">Herschel-Bulkley model</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rheology%22">Rheology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Petrology%22">Petrology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flow+velocity%22">Flow velocity</searchLink>
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  Data: Abstract: We present a method to estimate the rheology of a lava flow and reconstruct variations of eruption parameters from measurements of flow dimensions together with petrological analysis of samples from the solidified flow. The model assumes a Herschel–Bulkley lava rheology, which we demonstrate is a reasonable approximation from new analyses of samples and rheological measurements from past eruptions of Etna volcano, as well as published data for other lava compositions and crystal contents. We present a simplified 2-D model for the flow of a Herschel–Bulkley fluid over an inclined plane with a constant flux from a vent, which we validate with analogue experiments scaled to typical conditions of lava flows. Further analogue experiments with two fluids of different rheologies demonstrate the dominance of the rheology at the flow front in controlling the advance rate of the flow. The Herschel–Bulkley flow model was applied to a lava flow of the 2002 eruption on Etna volcano. Flow velocity and effusion rate were calculated from the post-eruption flow dimensions and rheology estimates along the length of the flow were based on the crystal content and glass compositions of samples. The results compare well with the observations during the eruption, with a mean flow rate of 19.5m3/s, which is in the range of the 15–20m3/s calculated by previous authors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.02.004
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 71
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Lava flows
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Volcanic eruptions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Herschel-Bulkley model
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      – SubjectFull: Rheology
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      – SubjectFull: Petrology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Flow velocity
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Assessing lava flow evolution from post-eruption field data using Herschel–Bulkley rheology.
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            NameFull: Castruccio, Angelo
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            NameFull: Rust, A.C.
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            NameFull: Sparks, R.S.J.
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2014
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              Y: 2014
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              Value: 275
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