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Veneer based composite hollow utility poles manufactured from hardwood plantation thinned trees.

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Title: Veneer based composite hollow utility poles manufactured from hardwood plantation thinned trees.
Authors: Gilbert, Benoit P.1 b.gilbert@griffith.edu.au, Underhill, Ian D.1, Bailleres, Henri2, El Hanandeh, Ali1, McGavin, Robbie L.2
Source: Construction & Building Materials. Sep2014, Vol. 66, p458-466. 9p.
Subjects: Wood veneers & veneering, Composite materials, Manufacturing processes, Hardwoods, Service life, Deterioration of materials
Abstract: Australia's utility pole network is aging and approaching its end of life. It is estimated that 70% of the 5million poles currently in-service nationally were installed within the 20years following the end of World War II and require replacement or remedial maintenance. Additionally, an estimated 21,700 high-durability new poles are required each year to support the expansion of the energy network. Utility poles were traditionally cut from native forest hardwood species. However, due to agreements which progressively phase out logging of native forests around Australia, finding new sources for utility poles presents a challenge. This paper presents the development of veneer based composite hardwood hollow utility poles manufactured from mid-rotation Gympie messmate (Eucalyptus cloeziana) plantation thinned trees (also referred to as "thinning"), as an alternative to solid hardwood poles. The incentives behind the project and benefits of the proposed products are introduced in the paper. Small diameter poles, of nominal 115mm internal diameter and 15mm wall-thickness, were manufactured in two half-poles butt jointed together, using 9 hardwood veneers per half-pole. The poles were tested in bending and shear, and experimental test results are presented. The mechanical performance of the hollow poles is discussed and compared to hardwood poles sourced from mature trees and of similar size. Additionally, the required dimensions of the proposed hollow pole to replace actual solid poles are estimated. Results show that the proposed product represents a viable technical solution to the current shortage of utility poles. Future research and different options for improving the current concept are proposed in order to provide a more reliable and cost effective product for structural and architectural applications in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Construction & Building Materials is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 97223189
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: Veneer based composite hollow utility poles manufactured from hardwood plantation thinned trees.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gilbert%2C+Benoit+P%2E%22">Gilbert, Benoit P.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> b.gilbert@griffith.edu.au</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Underhill%2C+Ian+D%2E%22">Underhill, Ian D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bailleres%2C+Henri%22">Bailleres, Henri</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22El+Hanandeh%2C+Ali%22">El Hanandeh, Ali</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McGavin%2C+Robbie+L%2E%22">McGavin, Robbie L.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Construction+%26+Building+Materials%22">Construction & Building Materials</searchLink>. Sep2014, Vol. 66, p458-466. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wood+veneers+%26+veneering%22">Wood veneers & veneering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Composite+materials%22">Composite materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Manufacturing+processes%22">Manufacturing processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hardwoods%22">Hardwoods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Service+life%22">Service life</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deterioration+of+materials%22">Deterioration of materials</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Australia's utility pole network is aging and approaching its end of life. It is estimated that 70% of the 5million poles currently in-service nationally were installed within the 20years following the end of World War II and require replacement or remedial maintenance. Additionally, an estimated 21,700 high-durability new poles are required each year to support the expansion of the energy network. Utility poles were traditionally cut from native forest hardwood species. However, due to agreements which progressively phase out logging of native forests around Australia, finding new sources for utility poles presents a challenge. This paper presents the development of veneer based composite hardwood hollow utility poles manufactured from mid-rotation Gympie messmate (Eucalyptus cloeziana) plantation thinned trees (also referred to as "thinning"), as an alternative to solid hardwood poles. The incentives behind the project and benefits of the proposed products are introduced in the paper. Small diameter poles, of nominal 115mm internal diameter and 15mm wall-thickness, were manufactured in two half-poles butt jointed together, using 9 hardwood veneers per half-pole. The poles were tested in bending and shear, and experimental test results are presented. The mechanical performance of the hollow poles is discussed and compared to hardwood poles sourced from mature trees and of similar size. Additionally, the required dimensions of the proposed hollow pole to replace actual solid poles are estimated. Results show that the proposed product represents a viable technical solution to the current shortage of utility poles. Future research and different options for improving the current concept are proposed in order to provide a more reliable and cost effective product for structural and architectural applications in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Construction & Building Materials is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.05.093
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 458
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Composite materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Manufacturing processes
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      – SubjectFull: Hardwoods
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      – SubjectFull: Service life
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      – SubjectFull: Deterioration of materials
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      – TitleFull: Veneer based composite hollow utility poles manufactured from hardwood plantation thinned trees.
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              M: 09
              Text: Sep2014
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