Heritability of anxious-depressive and withdrawn behavior: age-related changes during adolescence.

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Title: Heritability of anxious-depressive and withdrawn behavior: age-related changes during adolescence.
Authors: Lamb DJ (AUTHOR), Middeldorp CM (AUTHOR), van Beijsterveldt CE (AUTHOR), Bartels M (AUTHOR), van der Aa N (AUTHOR), Polderman TJ (AUTHOR), Boomsma DI (AUTHOR), Lamb, Diane J1 (AUTHOR), Middeldorp, Christel M (AUTHOR), van Beijsterveldt, Catarina E M (AUTHOR), Bartels, Meike (AUTHOR), van der Aa, Niels (AUTHOR), Polderman, Tinca J C (AUTHOR), Boomsma, Dorret I (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Mar2010, Vol. 49 Issue 3, p248-255. 8p.
Abstract: Objective: To explain the differential course of anxiety and depression in individuals from childhood to adulthood by examining age-related changes in the genetic and environmental etiology of anxious and depressive symptoms.Method: A sample of 1470, 1839, and 2023 Dutch twins aged 12, 14, and 16 years reported on symptoms of anxious depression (AD) and withdrawn behavior (WB), using the Youth Self Report (YSR). AD and WB were analyzed with bivariate cross-sectional genetic models for each age group to obtain estimates of the relative influence of genes (A), shared (C), and nonshared (E) environment.Results: The best-fitting models revealed no difference between heritability estimates in boys and girls. Familial clustering at age 12 years was explained by genetic and shared environmental factors. At ages 14 and 16 years, genetic factors were sufficient to explain familial clustering, shared environmental effects were absent. Genetic influences on AD and WB correlated highly.Conclusions: These findings are in agreement with earlier studies on age-specific effects of genes and shared environment on anxiety, depression, and withdrawn behavior in childhood and adolescence. The current study demonstrated that the decrease in the role of shared environment occurs after age 12. Hormonal changes accompanying the onset of puberty do not seem to explain the change in risk factors, as in 90% of the subjects puberty had already started. More knowledge on age-specific risk factors may offer opportunities for therapeutic interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Heritability of anxious-depressive and withdrawn behavior: age-related changes during adolescence.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lamb+DJ%22">Lamb DJ</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Middeldorp+CM%22">Middeldorp CM</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Beijsterveldt+CE%22">van Beijsterveldt CE</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bartels+M%22">Bartels M</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+der+Aa+N%22">van der Aa N</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Polderman+TJ%22">Polderman TJ</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Boomsma+DI%22">Boomsma DI</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lamb%2C+Diane+J%22">Lamb, Diane J</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Middeldorp%2C+Christel+M%22">Middeldorp, Christel M</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Beijsterveldt%2C+Catarina+E+M%22">van Beijsterveldt, Catarina E M</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bartels%2C+Meike%22">Bartels, Meike</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+der+Aa%2C+Niels%22">van der Aa, Niels</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Polderman%2C+Tinca+J+C%22">Polderman, Tinca J C</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Boomsma%2C+Dorret+I%22">Boomsma, Dorret I</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Child+%26+Adolescent+Psychiatry%22">Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry</searchLink>. Mar2010, Vol. 49 Issue 3, p248-255. 8p.
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: <bold>Objective: </bold>To explain the differential course of anxiety and depression in individuals from childhood to adulthood by examining age-related changes in the genetic and environmental etiology of anxious and depressive symptoms.<bold>Method: </bold>A sample of 1470, 1839, and 2023 Dutch twins aged 12, 14, and 16 years reported on symptoms of anxious depression (AD) and withdrawn behavior (WB), using the Youth Self Report (YSR). AD and WB were analyzed with bivariate cross-sectional genetic models for each age group to obtain estimates of the relative influence of genes (A), shared (C), and nonshared (E) environment.<bold>Results: </bold>The best-fitting models revealed no difference between heritability estimates in boys and girls. Familial clustering at age 12 years was explained by genetic and shared environmental factors. At ages 14 and 16 years, genetic factors were sufficient to explain familial clustering, shared environmental effects were absent. Genetic influences on AD and WB correlated highly.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>These findings are in agreement with earlier studies on age-specific effects of genes and shared environment on anxiety, depression, and withdrawn behavior in childhood and adolescence. The current study demonstrated that the decrease in the role of shared environment occurs after age 12. Hormonal changes accompanying the onset of puberty do not seem to explain the change in risk factors, as in 90% of the subjects puberty had already started. More knowledge on age-specific risk factors may offer opportunities for therapeutic interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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