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The abuse liability of dextromethorphan among adolescents: a review.

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Title: The abuse liability of dextromethorphan among adolescents: a review.
Authors: Bobo WV (AUTHOR), Miller SC (AUTHOR), Martin BD (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse. 2005, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p55-75. 21p.
Subject Terms: *Teenagers, Antitussive agents, Phencyclidine, Hallucinogenic drugs, Neuropharmacology, Pharmacology
Abstract: Dextromethorphan (DM) is a popular over-the-counter antitussive medication. Although adverse effects from appropriate use are rare, a specific toxidrome with significant psychomimetic effects occurs with ingestions in excess of those recommended. Both DM and its active metabolite, dextrorphan (DOR), share pharmacologic and neurobehavioral properties similar to opiates and phencyclidine (PCP). As such, cases of recreational DM abuse and, rarely, dependence, have been reported, and some data suggest that such abuse is on the rise. DM may be considered by substance abusers, especially adolescents, to be a dissociative agent devoid of financial concerns, legal limitations, negative stigma, problems with access or adverse health consequences. However, DM's popularity among adolescent substance abusers is generally not matched by adequate health care provider awareness, pharmacological understanding or epidemiological characterization. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of DM's addiction medicine-based neuropharmacology and epidemiology, describe social characteristics more unique to DM as an agent of abuse, review treatment and prevention issues, and identify areas in need of further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Availability: 0
Header DbId: ehh
DbLabel: Education Research Complete
An: 106468264
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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Items – Name: Title
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  Data: The abuse liability of dextromethorphan among adolescents: a review.
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  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bobo+WV%22">Bobo WV</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Miller+SC%22">Miller SC</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martin+BD%22">Martin BD</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Child+%26+Adolescent+Substance+Abuse%22">Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse</searchLink>. 2005, Vol. 14 Issue 4, p55-75. 21p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teenagers%22">Teenagers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antitussive+agents%22">Antitussive agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phencyclidine%22">Phencyclidine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hallucinogenic+drugs%22">Hallucinogenic drugs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neuropharmacology%22">Neuropharmacology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pharmacology%22">Pharmacology</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Dextromethorphan (DM) is a popular over-the-counter antitussive medication. Although adverse effects from appropriate use are rare, a specific toxidrome with significant psychomimetic effects occurs with ingestions in excess of those recommended. Both DM and its active metabolite, dextrorphan (DOR), share pharmacologic and neurobehavioral properties similar to opiates and phencyclidine (PCP). As such, cases of recreational DM abuse and, rarely, dependence, have been reported, and some data suggest that such abuse is on the rise. DM may be considered by substance abusers, especially adolescents, to be a dissociative agent devoid of financial concerns, legal limitations, negative stigma, problems with access or adverse health consequences. However, DM's popularity among adolescent substance abusers is generally not matched by adequate health care provider awareness, pharmacological understanding or epidemiological characterization. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of DM's addiction medicine-based neuropharmacology and epidemiology, describe social characteristics more unique to DM as an agent of abuse, review treatment and prevention issues, and identify areas in need of further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=ehh&AN=106468264
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1300/j029v14n04_04
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 55
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      – SubjectFull: Teenagers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Antitussive agents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phencyclidine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hallucinogenic drugs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neuropharmacology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pharmacology
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: The abuse liability of dextromethorphan among adolescents: a review.
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            NameFull: Bobo WV
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            NameFull: Miller SC
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            NameFull: Martin BD
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: 2005
              Type: published
              Y: 2005
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              Value: 14
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse
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