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Reliability and variability of running economy in elite distance runners.

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Title: Reliability and variability of running economy in elite distance runners.
Authors: Saunders PU (AUTHOR), Pyne DB (AUTHOR), Telford RD (AUTHOR), Hawley JA (AUTHOR)
Source: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Nov2004, Vol. 36 Issue 11, p1972-1976. 5p.
Abstract: Purpose: To establish the typical error (TE) associated with equipment, testing, and biological variation of a running economy (RE) test in 11 elite male distance runners ([latin capital V with dot above]O2max 70.3 +/- 7.3 mL[middle dot]min-1[middle dot]kg-1), and measure the between-athlete variation of 70 highly trained runners ([latin capital V with dot above]O2max 69.7 +/- 6.0 mL[middle dot]min-1[middle dot]kg-1) to determine the magnitude of the smallest worthwhile change (SWC) required for RE.Methods: Runners performed three 4-min bouts of submaximal treadmill running at speeds of 14, 16, and 18 km[middle dot]h-1 (0% grade), on two separate occasions within a 7-d period to determine reliability and once over a 3-yr period to measure the SWC. During all RE tests O2 consumption ([latin capital V with dot above]O2), ventilation ([latin capital V with dot above]E), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate (HR), stride rate (SR), and concentration of blood lactate (Lac) were determined.Results: The TE for the pooled data of three running speeds (14, 16, and 18 km[middle dot]h-1) was 2.4% for [latin capital V with dot above]O2, 7.3% for [latin capital V with dot above]E, 27% for Lac, and ranged between 1 and 4% for RER, HR, and SR.Conclusions: The results demonstrate that although the magnitude of the TE for a submaximal treadmill running protocol of three 4-min work efforts is small (2.4-7.3%) for measures associated with cardiorespiratory parameters, it is three- to fourfold higher for Lac. Given the small TE associated with RE, and a SWC of similar magnitude for this cohort of distance runners, the RE test is useful in detecting changes attributable to training interventions. Changes in RE greater than approximately 2.4% in this cohort of elite distance runners are likely to be 'real' and 'worthwhile,' and not simply related to testing error and typical variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
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  Data: Reliability and variability of running economy in elite distance runners.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Saunders+PU%22">Saunders PU</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pyne+DB%22">Pyne DB</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Telford+RD%22">Telford RD</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hawley+JA%22">Hawley JA</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise%22">Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise</searchLink>. Nov2004, Vol. 36 Issue 11, p1972-1976. 5p.
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: To establish the typical error (TE) associated with equipment, testing, and biological variation of a running economy (RE) test in 11 elite male distance runners ([latin capital V with dot above]O2max 70.3 +/- 7.3 mL[middle dot]min-1[middle dot]kg-1), and measure the between-athlete variation of 70 highly trained runners ([latin capital V with dot above]O2max 69.7 +/- 6.0 mL[middle dot]min-1[middle dot]kg-1) to determine the magnitude of the smallest worthwhile change (SWC) required for RE.Methods: Runners performed three 4-min bouts of submaximal treadmill running at speeds of 14, 16, and 18 km[middle dot]h-1 (0% grade), on two separate occasions within a 7-d period to determine reliability and once over a 3-yr period to measure the SWC. During all RE tests O2 consumption ([latin capital V with dot above]O2), ventilation ([latin capital V with dot above]E), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate (HR), stride rate (SR), and concentration of blood lactate (Lac) were determined.Results: The TE for the pooled data of three running speeds (14, 16, and 18 km[middle dot]h-1) was 2.4% for [latin capital V with dot above]O2, 7.3% for [latin capital V with dot above]E, 27% for Lac, and ranged between 1 and 4% for RER, HR, and SR.Conclusions: The results demonstrate that although the magnitude of the TE for a submaximal treadmill running protocol of three 4-min work efforts is small (2.4-7.3%) for measures associated with cardiorespiratory parameters, it is three- to fourfold higher for Lac. Given the small TE associated with RE, and a SWC of similar magnitude for this cohort of distance runners, the RE test is useful in detecting changes attributable to training interventions. Changes in RE greater than approximately 2.4% in this cohort of elite distance runners are likely to be 'real' and 'worthwhile,' and not simply related to testing error and typical variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1249/01.mss.0000145468.17329.9f
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              Text: Nov2004
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