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The functional overlap of executive control and language processing in bilinguals.

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Title: The functional overlap of executive control and language processing in bilinguals.
Authors: CODERRE, EMILY L.1,2,3, SMITH, JASON F.2,4, VAN HEUVEN, WALTER J.B.1, HORWITZ, BARRY2
Source: Bilingualism: Language & Cognition. May2016, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p471-488. 18p.
Subject Terms: *Bilingualism, *Language & languages, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Neurology
Abstract: The need to control multiple languages is thought to require domain-general executive control in bilinguals such that the executive control and language systems become interdependent. However, there has been no systematic investigation into how and where executive control and language processes overlap in the bilingual brain. If the concurrent recruitment of executive control during bilingual language processing is domain-general and extends to non-linguistic control, we hypothesize that regions commonly involved in language processing, linguistic control, and non-linguistic control may be selectively altered in bilinguals compared to monolinguals. A conjunction of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from a flanker task with linguistic and non-linguistic distractors and a semantic categorization task showed functional overlap in the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) in bilinguals, whereas no overlap occurred in monolinguals. This research therefore identifies a neural locus of functional overlap of language and executive control in the bilingual brain. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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Database: Education Research Complete
Description
Abstract:The need to control multiple languages is thought to require domain-general executive control in bilinguals such that the executive control and language systems become interdependent. However, there has been no systematic investigation into how and where executive control and language processes overlap in the bilingual brain. If the concurrent recruitment of executive control during bilingual language processing is domain-general and extends to non-linguistic control, we hypothesize that regions commonly involved in language processing, linguistic control, and non-linguistic control may be selectively altered in bilinguals compared to monolinguals. A conjunction of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from a flanker task with linguistic and non-linguistic distractors and a semantic categorization task showed functional overlap in the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) in bilinguals, whereas no overlap occurred in monolinguals. This research therefore identifies a neural locus of functional overlap of language and executive control in the bilingual brain. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
ISSN:13667289
DOI:10.1017/S1366728915000188