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A General Audiovisual Temporal Processing Deficit in Adult Readers With Dyslexia.

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Title: A General Audiovisual Temporal Processing Deficit in Adult Readers With Dyslexia.
Authors: Francisco, Ana A.1 claraafrancisco@gmail.com, Jesse, Alexandra2, Groen, Margriet A.1, McQueen, James M.3,4
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Jan2017, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p144-158. 15p. 1 Chart, 5 Graphs.
Subject Terms: *Cognitive processing of language, *People with dyslexia, *Visual communication, *Speech perception, *Literacy research, *Dyslexia, *Adults, *Audiovisual materials, *Comparative studies, *Reading, *Speech evaluation, Audio communication, Phonetics, Probability theory, Research funding, T-test (Statistics), Video recording, Effect sizes (Statistics), Descriptive statistics
Geographic Terms: Netherlands
Abstract: Purpose: Because reading is an audiovisual process, reading impairment may reflect an audiovisual processing deficit. The aim of the present study was to test the existence and scope of such a deficit in adult readers with dyslexia. Method: We tested 39 typical readers and 51 adult readers with dyslexia on their sensitivity to the simultaneity of audiovisual speech and nonspeech stimuli, their time window of audiovisual integration for speech (using incongruent /aCa/ syllables), and their audiovisual perception of phonetic categories. Results: Adult readers with dyslexia showed less sensitivity to audiovisual simultaneity than typical readers for both speech and nonspeech events. We found no differences between readers with dyslexia and typical readers in the temporal window of integration for audiovisual speech or in the audiovisual perception of phonetic categories. Conclusions: The results suggest an audiovisual temporal deficit in dyslexia that is not specific to speech-related events. But the differences found for audiovisual temporal sensitivity did not translate into a deficit in audiovisual speech perception. Hence, there seems to be a hiatus between simultaneity judgment and perception, suggesting a multisensory system that uses different mechanisms across tasks. Alternatively, it is possible that the audiovisual deficit in dyslexia is only observable when explicit judgments about audiovisual simultaneity are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: A General Audiovisual Temporal Processing Deficit in Adult Readers With Dyslexia.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Francisco%2C+Ana+A%2E%22">Francisco, Ana A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> claraafrancisco@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jesse%2C+Alexandra%22">Jesse, Alexandra</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Groen%2C+Margriet+A%2E%22">Groen, Margriet A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McQueen%2C+James+M%2E%22">McQueen, James M.</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Jan2017, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p144-158. 15p. 1 Chart, 5 Graphs.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+processing+of+language%22">Cognitive processing of language</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22People+with+dyslexia%22">People with dyslexia</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Visual+communication%22">Visual communication</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+perception%22">Speech perception</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Literacy+research%22">Literacy research</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dyslexia%22">Dyslexia</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adults%22">Adults</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Audiovisual+materials%22">Audiovisual materials</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reading%22">Reading</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+evaluation%22">Speech evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Audio+communication%22">Audio communication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phonetics%22">Phonetics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Probability+theory%22">Probability theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T-test+%28Statistics%29%22">T-test (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Video+recording%22">Video recording</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Effect+sizes+%28Statistics%29%22">Effect sizes (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Netherlands%22">Netherlands</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Purpose: Because reading is an audiovisual process, reading impairment may reflect an audiovisual processing deficit. The aim of the present study was to test the existence and scope of such a deficit in adult readers with dyslexia. Method: We tested 39 typical readers and 51 adult readers with dyslexia on their sensitivity to the simultaneity of audiovisual speech and nonspeech stimuli, their time window of audiovisual integration for speech (using incongruent /aCa/ syllables), and their audiovisual perception of phonetic categories. Results: Adult readers with dyslexia showed less sensitivity to audiovisual simultaneity than typical readers for both speech and nonspeech events. We found no differences between readers with dyslexia and typical readers in the temporal window of integration for audiovisual speech or in the audiovisual perception of phonetic categories. Conclusions: The results suggest an audiovisual temporal deficit in dyslexia that is not specific to speech-related events. But the differences found for audiovisual temporal sensitivity did not translate into a deficit in audiovisual speech perception. Hence, there seems to be a hiatus between simultaneity judgment and perception, suggesting a multisensory system that uses different mechanisms across tasks. Alternatively, it is possible that the audiovisual deficit in dyslexia is only observable when explicit judgments about audiovisual simultaneity are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-H-15-0375
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Cognitive processing of language
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: People with dyslexia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Visual communication
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech perception
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      – SubjectFull: Literacy research
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      – SubjectFull: Dyslexia
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      – SubjectFull: Audiovisual materials
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      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
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      – SubjectFull: Reading
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      – SubjectFull: Speech evaluation
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      – SubjectFull: Audio communication
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      – SubjectFull: Phonetics
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Netherlands
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: A General Audiovisual Temporal Processing Deficit in Adult Readers With Dyslexia.
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              Text: Jan2017
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