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Cigarette smoking rates among veterans: Association with rurality and psychiatric disorders.

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Title: Cigarette smoking rates among veterans: Association with rurality and psychiatric disorders.
Authors: Coughlin, Lara N.1, Wilson, Sarah M.1, Erwin, Meredith C.1, Beckham, Jean C.1, Calhoun, Patrick S.1 patrick.calhoun2@va.gov, VA Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Workgroup (CORPORATE AUTHOR)
Source: Addictive Behaviors. Mar2019, Vol. 90, p119-123. 5p.
Subject Terms: *Evaluation research, *Research methodology, *Research, *Comparative studies, Smoking, Smoking statistics, Mental illness, Nicotine addiction, Veterans, Psychiatric epidemiology, Substance abuse, Cross-sectional method, Research funding, Disease prevalence, Rural population, Comorbidity
Geographic Terms: Afghanistan, Iraq, United States
Abstract: Aims: Compared to the general U.S. population, military veterans and those living in rural areas disproportionately smoke cigarettes at higher rates, leading to increased health consequences. In the current study, prevalence and severity of cigarette smoking in Iraq and Afghanistan era veterans was assessed across rural and urban areas and comorbid mental health disorders.Method: Iraq/Afghanistan era veterans who participated in the Post-Deployment Mental Health study from 2005 to 2017 (N = 3229) were cross-sectionally assessed for the probability of being a current cigarette smoker based on locality status and psychiatric comorbidity. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions, adjusted for demographic characteristics, were used to model the odds of being a current smoker and the severity of nicotine dependence, respectively.Results: Veterans residing in rural regions, veterans with psychiatric comorbidities, and the interaction of locality and psychiatric disorders were significantly associated with smoking rates. Those veterans living in extremely rural areas and, independently, those living with psychiatric comorbidities were also more severely dependent on nicotine compared to urban veterans and veterans without psychiatric conditions.Conclusions: Rural veterans and veterans with psychiatric comorbidities are at increased risk of smoking and are more severely dependent on nicotine than urban veterans. These findings underscore the need to reduce barriers for treatment both for smoking cessation and mental healthcare for veterans residing in the most rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Addictive Behaviors is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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DbLabel: Education Research Complete
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AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Cigarette smoking rates among veterans: Association with rurality and psychiatric disorders.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Coughlin%2C+Lara+N%2E%22">Coughlin, Lara N.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wilson%2C+Sarah+M%2E%22">Wilson, Sarah M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Erwin%2C+Meredith+C%2E%22">Erwin, Meredith C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Beckham%2C+Jean+C%2E%22">Beckham, Jean C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Calhoun%2C+Patrick+S%2E%22">Calhoun, Patrick S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> patrick.calhoun2@va.gov</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22VA+Mid-Atlantic+MIRECC+Workgroup%22">VA Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Workgroup</searchLink> (CORPORATE AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Addictive+Behaviors%22">Addictive Behaviors</searchLink>. Mar2019, Vol. 90, p119-123. 5p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evaluation+research%22">Evaluation research</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research%22">Research</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Smoking%22">Smoking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Smoking+statistics%22">Smoking statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+illness%22">Mental illness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nicotine+addiction%22">Nicotine addiction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Veterans%22">Veterans</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychiatric+epidemiology%22">Psychiatric epidemiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substance+abuse%22">Substance abuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+prevalence%22">Disease prevalence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rural+population%22">Rural population</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comorbidity%22">Comorbidity</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Afghanistan%22">Afghanistan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Iraq%22">Iraq</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: <bold>Aims: </bold>Compared to the general U.S. population, military veterans and those living in rural areas disproportionately smoke cigarettes at higher rates, leading to increased health consequences. In the current study, prevalence and severity of cigarette smoking in Iraq and Afghanistan era veterans was assessed across rural and urban areas and comorbid mental health disorders.<bold>Method: </bold>Iraq/Afghanistan era veterans who participated in the Post-Deployment Mental Health study from 2005 to 2017 (N = 3229) were cross-sectionally assessed for the probability of being a current cigarette smoker based on locality status and psychiatric comorbidity. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions, adjusted for demographic characteristics, were used to model the odds of being a current smoker and the severity of nicotine dependence, respectively.<bold>Results: </bold>Veterans residing in rural regions, veterans with psychiatric comorbidities, and the interaction of locality and psychiatric disorders were significantly associated with smoking rates. Those veterans living in extremely rural areas and, independently, those living with psychiatric comorbidities were also more severely dependent on nicotine compared to urban veterans and veterans without psychiatric conditions.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Rural veterans and veterans with psychiatric comorbidities are at increased risk of smoking and are more severely dependent on nicotine than urban veterans. These findings underscore the need to reduce barriers for treatment both for smoking cessation and mental healthcare for veterans residing in the most rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Addictive Behaviors is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=ehh&AN=133952817
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.10.034
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 5
        StartPage: 119
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Evaluation research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Smoking
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      – SubjectFull: Smoking statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Mental illness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nicotine addiction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Veterans
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      – SubjectFull: Psychiatric epidemiology
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      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Disease prevalence
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      – SubjectFull: Rural population
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      – SubjectFull: Comorbidity
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      – SubjectFull: Afghanistan
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      – SubjectFull: Iraq
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      – SubjectFull: United States
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      – TitleFull: Cigarette smoking rates among veterans: Association with rurality and psychiatric disorders.
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              Text: Mar2019
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              Y: 2019
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