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Effects of Task Difficulty on Neural Processes Underlying Semantics: An Event-Related Potentials Study.

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Title: Effects of Task Difficulty on Neural Processes Underlying Semantics: An Event-Related Potentials Study.
Authors: Kemp, Amy1, Eddins, David2, Shrivastav, Rahul3, Wray, Amanda Hampton1 ahw@msu.edu
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Feb2019, Vol. 62 Issue 2, p367-386. 20p. 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs.
Subject Terms: *Hearing disorders, *Cognitive processing of language, *Auditory perception, *Speech perception, *Phonological awareness, Brain physiology, Auditory evoked response, Brain stem, Noise, Research funding, Semantics
Geographic Terms: Michigan
Abstract: Purpose: Improving the ability to listen efficiently in noisy environments is a critical goal for hearing rehabilitation. However, understanding of the impact of difficult listening conditions on language processing is limited. The current study evaluated the neural processes underlying semantics in challenging listening conditions. Method: Thirty adults with normal hearing completed an auditory sentence processing task in 4-talker babble. Eventrelated brain potentials were elicited by the final word in highor low-context sentences, where the final word was either highly expected or not expected, followed by a 4-alternative forced-choice response with either longer (1,000 ms), middle (700 ms), or shorter (400 ms) response time deadlines (RTDs). Results: Behavioral accuracy was reduced, and reactions times were faster for shorter RTDs. N400 amplitudes, reflecting ease of lexical access, were larger when elicited by target words in low-context sentences followed by shorter compared with longer RTDs. Conclusions: These results reveal that more neural resources are allocated for semantic processing/lexical access when listening difficulty increases. Differences between RTDs may reflect increased attentional allocation for shorter RTDs. These findings suggest that situational listening demands can impact the demands for cognitive resources engaged in language processing, which could significantly impact listener experiences across environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Effects of Task Difficulty on Neural Processes Underlying Semantics: An Event-Related Potentials Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Feb2019, Vol. 62 Issue 2, p367-386. 20p. 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hearing+disorders%22">Hearing disorders</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+processing+of+language%22">Cognitive processing of language</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auditory+perception%22">Auditory perception</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+perception%22">Speech perception</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phonological+awareness%22">Phonological awareness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+physiology%22">Brain physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auditory+evoked+response%22">Auditory evoked response</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+stem%22">Brain stem</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Noise%22">Noise</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Semantics%22">Semantics</searchLink>
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  Data: Purpose: Improving the ability to listen efficiently in noisy environments is a critical goal for hearing rehabilitation. However, understanding of the impact of difficult listening conditions on language processing is limited. The current study evaluated the neural processes underlying semantics in challenging listening conditions. Method: Thirty adults with normal hearing completed an auditory sentence processing task in 4-talker babble. Eventrelated brain potentials were elicited by the final word in highor low-context sentences, where the final word was either highly expected or not expected, followed by a 4-alternative forced-choice response with either longer (1,000 ms), middle (700 ms), or shorter (400 ms) response time deadlines (RTDs). Results: Behavioral accuracy was reduced, and reactions times were faster for shorter RTDs. N400 amplitudes, reflecting ease of lexical access, were larger when elicited by target words in low-context sentences followed by shorter compared with longer RTDs. Conclusions: These results reveal that more neural resources are allocated for semantic processing/lexical access when listening difficulty increases. Differences between RTDs may reflect increased attentional allocation for shorter RTDs. These findings suggest that situational listening demands can impact the demands for cognitive resources engaged in language processing, which could significantly impact listener experiences across environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=ehh&AN=134950060
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        Value: 10.1044/2018_JSLHR-H-17-0396
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Hearing disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognitive processing of language
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Auditory perception
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech perception
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      – SubjectFull: Phonological awareness
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      – SubjectFull: Brain physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Auditory evoked response
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      – SubjectFull: Brain stem
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      – SubjectFull: Noise
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Semantics
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      – SubjectFull: Michigan
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      – TitleFull: Effects of Task Difficulty on Neural Processes Underlying Semantics: An Event-Related Potentials Study.
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            NameFull: Kemp, Amy
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              Text: Feb2019
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              Y: 2019
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