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Prevalence of Pre-Existing Hearing Loss Among Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa.

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Title: Prevalence of Pre-Existing Hearing Loss Among Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa.
Authors: Hyejeong Hong1,2 hhong13@jhu.edu, Dowdy, David W.3, Dooley, Kelly E.4, Francis, Howard W.5, Budhathoki, Chakra1, Hae-Ra Han1,6, Farley, Jason E.1,2
Source: American Journal of Audiology. Jun2020, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p199-205. 7p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts.
Subject Terms: *Audiometry, *Statistical correlation, *Hearing disorders, HIV infection complications, Malnutrition, Age distribution, Aminoglycosides, Chi-squared test, Confidence intervals, Hospitals, Poisson distribution, Regression analysis, Research funding, Risk assessment, Statistics, Ototoxicity, Disease prevalence, Cross-sectional method, Data analysis software, Statistical models, Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U Test, Disease complications, Disease risk factors
Geographic Terms: South Africa
Abstract: Purpose: Hearing loss, resulting from aminoglycoside ototoxicity, is common among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). Those with pre-existing hearing loss are at particular risk of clinically important hearing loss with aminoglycoside-containing treatment than those with normal hearing at baseline. This study aimed to identify factors associated with pre-existing hearing loss among patients being treated for DR-TB in South Africa. Method: Cross-sectional analysis nested within a clusterrandomized trial data across 10 South African TB hospitals. Patients ≥ 13 years old received clinical and audiological evaluations before DR-TB treatment initiation. Results: Of 936 patients, average age was 35 years. One hundred forty-two (15%) reported pre-existing auditory symptoms. Of 482 patients tested by audiometry, 290 (60%) had pre-existing hearing loss. The prevalence of pre-existing hearing loss was highest among patients ≥ 50 years (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPrR] for symptoms 5.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) [3.63, 8.42]; aPrR for audiometric hearing loss 1.63, 95% CI [1.31, 2.03] compared to age 13-18 years) and among those with a prior history of second-line TB treatment (aPrR for symptoms 1.73, 95% CI [1.66, 1.80]; PrR for audiometric hearing loss 1.33, 95% CI [1.03, 1.73]). Having HIV with cluster of differentiation 4 cell count < 200 cells/mm³ and malnutrition were risk factors but did not reach statistical significance in adjusted analyses. Conclusion: Pre-existing hearing loss is common among patients presenting for DR-TB treatment in South Africa, and those older than the age of 50 years or who had prior second-line TB treatment history were at highest risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal of Audiology is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Prevalence of Pre-Existing Hearing Loss Among Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Hyejeong+Hong%22&quot;&gt;Hyejeong Hong&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;i&gt; hhong13@jhu.edu&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Dowdy%2C+David+W%2E%22&quot;&gt;Dowdy, David W.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;3&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Dooley%2C+Kelly+E%2E%22&quot;&gt;Dooley, Kelly E.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;4&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Francis%2C+Howard+W%2E%22&quot;&gt;Francis, Howard W.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;5&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Budhathoki%2C+Chakra%22&quot;&gt;Budhathoki, Chakra&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Hae-Ra+Han%22&quot;&gt;Hae-Ra Han&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,6&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Farley%2C+Jason+E%2E%22&quot;&gt;Farley, Jason E.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22American+Journal+of+Audiology%22&quot;&gt;American Journal of Audiology&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Jun2020, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p199-205. 7p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts.
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  Data: Purpose: Hearing loss, resulting from aminoglycoside ototoxicity, is common among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). Those with pre-existing hearing loss are at particular risk of clinically important hearing loss with aminoglycoside-containing treatment than those with normal hearing at baseline. This study aimed to identify factors associated with pre-existing hearing loss among patients being treated for DR-TB in South Africa. Method: Cross-sectional analysis nested within a clusterrandomized trial data across 10 South African TB hospitals. Patients ≥ 13 years old received clinical and audiological evaluations before DR-TB treatment initiation. Results: Of 936 patients, average age was 35 years. One hundred forty-two (15%) reported pre-existing auditory symptoms. Of 482 patients tested by audiometry, 290 (60%) had pre-existing hearing loss. The prevalence of pre-existing hearing loss was highest among patients ≥ 50 years (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPrR] for symptoms 5.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) [3.63, 8.42]; aPrR for audiometric hearing loss 1.63, 95% CI [1.31, 2.03] compared to age 13-18 years) and among those with a prior history of second-line TB treatment (aPrR for symptoms 1.73, 95% CI [1.66, 1.80]; PrR for audiometric hearing loss 1.33, 95% CI [1.03, 1.73]). Having HIV with cluster of differentiation 4 cell count &lt; 200 cells/mm&#179; and malnutrition were risk factors but did not reach statistical significance in adjusted analyses. Conclusion: Pre-existing hearing loss is common among patients presenting for DR-TB treatment in South Africa, and those older than the age of 50 years or who had prior second-line TB treatment history were at highest risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of American Journal of Audiology is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1044/2020_AJA-19-00103
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 199
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Audiometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hearing disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: HIV infection complications
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      – SubjectFull: Malnutrition
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      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
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      – SubjectFull: Aminoglycosides
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      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
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      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
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      – SubjectFull: Hospitals
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      – SubjectFull: Poisson distribution
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      – SubjectFull: Regression analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Ototoxicity
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      – SubjectFull: South Africa
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      – TitleFull: Prevalence of Pre-Existing Hearing Loss Among Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa.
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