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Does Perpetrator Occupation Affect Classification of Sexual Assault?

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Title: Does Perpetrator Occupation Affect Classification of Sexual Assault?
Authors: Henry, Dayna S.1 henryds@jmu.edu, Merrell, Laura K.1, Blackstone, Sarah R.1, Collazo-Vargas, Erika1, Mohl, Christina2, Tolerico, Michael2, Singley, Lauren1, Moody, Sarah1
Source: Journal of Interpersonal Violence. Oct2021, Vol. 36 Issue 19/20, pNP10255-NP10275. 21p.
Subject Terms: *Psychology of college students, *Occupations, *Undergraduates, *Data analysis, *Emotions, Statistics, Analysis of variance, Informed consent (Medical law), Surveys, Sex crimes, Punishment, Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Scale analysis (Psychology), Statistical sampling, Data analysis software, Logistic regression analysis, Psychology of sex offenders
Abstract: Classification of sexual assault varies based on the characteristics of the victim, perpetrator, and event. However, most studies focus on the individual characteristics of participants asked to classify the assault, the victims' characteristics, or the event; few have examined variations in the perpetrator. Therefore, this study examined whether the occupation of the perpetrator affected the classification of the event as sexual assault. Participants included a primarily White female sample of undergraduate students (n = 401) at a south-Atlantic university. They completed a paper-and-pencil survey containing an ambiguous sexual assault encounter where the occupation of the perpetrator (athlete, reporter, college student, or politician) was randomly varied. Participants were asked to classify whether the encounter was sexual assault and what an appropriate punishment might be. Additional measures included the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale (IRMA) and questions about personal experience with sexual assault. Overall, most participants labeled the encounter as sexual assault, indicating that college students are aware of the legal parameters for providing consent. However, this classification occurred differentially based on the occupation of the perpetrator. Participants were most likely to label the athlete as committing sexual assault, followed by the college student, politician, and reporter, respectively. Females and those who reject rape myths were more likely to label the scenario as sexual assault. A "personal apology" and a "sexual rehabilitation program" were the most common punishments selected for the perpetrator. These findings highlight potential concerns and the need for additional training when college students adjudicate sexual assault reports and determine appropriate consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Interpersonal Violence is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Does Perpetrator Occupation Affect Classification of Sexual Assault?
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Henry%2C+Dayna+S%2E%22">Henry, Dayna S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> henryds@jmu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Merrell%2C+Laura+K%2E%22">Merrell, Laura K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blackstone%2C+Sarah+R%2E%22">Blackstone, Sarah R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Collazo-Vargas%2C+Erika%22">Collazo-Vargas, Erika</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mohl%2C+Christina%22">Mohl, Christina</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tolerico%2C+Michael%22">Tolerico, Michael</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Singley%2C+Lauren%22">Singley, Lauren</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moody%2C+Sarah%22">Moody, Sarah</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Interpersonal+Violence%22">Journal of Interpersonal Violence</searchLink>. Oct2021, Vol. 36 Issue 19/20, pNP10255-NP10275. 21p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+of+college+students%22">Psychology of college students</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Occupations%22">Occupations</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Undergraduates%22">Undergraduates</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis%22">Data analysis</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotions%22">Emotions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistics%22">Statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analysis+of+variance%22">Analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Informed+consent+%28Medical+law%29%22">Informed consent (Medical law)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surveys%22">Surveys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+crimes%22">Sex crimes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Punishment%22">Punishment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chi-squared+test%22">Chi-squared test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scale+analysis+%28Psychology%29%22">Scale analysis (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+sampling%22">Statistical sampling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Logistic+regression+analysis%22">Logistic regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+of+sex+offenders%22">Psychology of sex offenders</searchLink>
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  Data: Classification of sexual assault varies based on the characteristics of the victim, perpetrator, and event. However, most studies focus on the individual characteristics of participants asked to classify the assault, the victims' characteristics, or the event; few have examined variations in the perpetrator. Therefore, this study examined whether the occupation of the perpetrator affected the classification of the event as sexual assault. Participants included a primarily White female sample of undergraduate students (n = 401) at a south-Atlantic university. They completed a paper-and-pencil survey containing an ambiguous sexual assault encounter where the occupation of the perpetrator (athlete, reporter, college student, or politician) was randomly varied. Participants were asked to classify whether the encounter was sexual assault and what an appropriate punishment might be. Additional measures included the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale (IRMA) and questions about personal experience with sexual assault. Overall, most participants labeled the encounter as sexual assault, indicating that college students are aware of the legal parameters for providing consent. However, this classification occurred differentially based on the occupation of the perpetrator. Participants were most likely to label the athlete as committing sexual assault, followed by the college student, politician, and reporter, respectively. Females and those who reject rape myths were more likely to label the scenario as sexual assault. A "personal apology" and a "sexual rehabilitation program" were the most common punishments selected for the perpetrator. These findings highlight potential concerns and the need for additional training when college students adjudicate sexual assault reports and determine appropriate consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Interpersonal Violence is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1177/0886260519873331
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: NP10255
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of college students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Occupations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Undergraduates
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Emotions
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      – SubjectFull: Statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Analysis of variance
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      – SubjectFull: Informed consent (Medical law)
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      – SubjectFull: Surveys
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      – SubjectFull: Sex crimes
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Scale analysis (Psychology)
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      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Logistic regression analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Psychology of sex offenders
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      – TitleFull: Does Perpetrator Occupation Affect Classification of Sexual Assault?
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              Text: Oct2021
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