Impact of Startling Acoustic Stimuli on Word Repetition in Individuals With Aphasia and Apraxia of Speech Following Stroke.
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| Title: | Impact of Startling Acoustic Stimuli on Word Repetition in Individuals With Aphasia and Apraxia of Speech Following Stroke. |
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| Authors: | Swann, Zoe1 zswann@asu.edu, Daliri, Ayoub2, Honeycutt, Claire F.3 |
| Source: | Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. May2022, Vol. 65 Issue 5, p1671-1685. 15p. 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs. |
| Subject Terms: | *Repetition (Learning process), *Aphasia, *Speech perception, *Phonological awareness, *Intelligibility of speech, Acoustic stimulation, Apraxia, Stroke |
| Abstract: | Purpose: The StartReact effect, whereby movements are elicited by loud, startling acoustic stimuli (SAS), allows the evaluation of movements when initiated through involuntary circuitry, before auditory feedback. When StartReact is applied during poststroke upper extremity movements, individuals exhibit increased muscle recruitment, reaction times, and reaching distances. StartReact releases unimpaired speech with similar increases in muscle recruitment and reaction time. However, as poststroke communication disorders have divergent neural circuitry from upper extremity tasks, it is unclear if StartReact will enhance speech poststroke. Our objective is to determine if (a) StartReact is present in individuals with poststroke aphasia and apraxia and (b) SAS exposure enhances speech intelligibility. Method: We remotely delivered startling, 105-dB white noise bursts (SAS) and quiet, non-SAS cues to 15 individuals with poststroke aphasia and apraxia during repetition of six words. We evaluated average word intensity, pitch, pitch trajectories, vowel formants F1 and F2 (first and second formants), phonemic error rate, and percent incidence of each SAS versus non–SAS-elicited phoneme produced under each cue type. Results: For SAS trials compared to non-SAS, speech intensity increased (Δ + 0.6 dB), speech pitch increased (Δ + 22.7 Hz), and formants (F1 and F2) changed, resulting in a smaller vowel space after SAS. SAS affected pitch trajectories for some, but not all, words. Non-SAS trials had more stops (Δ + 4.7 utterances) while SAS trials had more sustained phonemes (fricatives, glides, affricates, liquids; Δ + 5.4 utterances). SAS trials had fewer distortion errors but no change in substitution errors or overall error rate compared to non-SAS trials. Conclusions: We show that stroke-impaired speech is susceptible to StartReact, evidenced by decreased intelligibility due to altered formants, pitch trajectories, and articulation, including increased incidence of sounds that could not be produced without SAS. Future studies should examine the impact of SAS on voluntary speech intelligibility and clinical measures of aphasia and apraxia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Education Research Complete |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: ehh DbLabel: Education Research Complete An: 156850675 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Impact of Startling Acoustic Stimuli on Word Repetition in Individuals With Aphasia and Apraxia of Speech Following Stroke. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Swann%2C+Zoe%22">Swann, Zoe</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> zswann@asu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Daliri%2C+Ayoub%22">Daliri, Ayoub</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Honeycutt%2C+Claire+F%2E%22">Honeycutt, Claire F.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. May2022, Vol. 65 Issue 5, p1671-1685. 15p. 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 5 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Repetition+%28Learning+process%29%22">Repetition (Learning process)</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aphasia%22">Aphasia</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+perception%22">Speech perception</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phonological+awareness%22">Phonological awareness</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intelligibility+of+speech%22">Intelligibility of speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acoustic+stimulation%22">Acoustic stimulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Apraxia%22">Apraxia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stroke%22">Stroke</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Purpose: The StartReact effect, whereby movements are elicited by loud, startling acoustic stimuli (SAS), allows the evaluation of movements when initiated through involuntary circuitry, before auditory feedback. When StartReact is applied during poststroke upper extremity movements, individuals exhibit increased muscle recruitment, reaction times, and reaching distances. StartReact releases unimpaired speech with similar increases in muscle recruitment and reaction time. However, as poststroke communication disorders have divergent neural circuitry from upper extremity tasks, it is unclear if StartReact will enhance speech poststroke. Our objective is to determine if (a) StartReact is present in individuals with poststroke aphasia and apraxia and (b) SAS exposure enhances speech intelligibility. Method: We remotely delivered startling, 105-dB white noise bursts (SAS) and quiet, non-SAS cues to 15 individuals with poststroke aphasia and apraxia during repetition of six words. We evaluated average word intensity, pitch, pitch trajectories, vowel formants F1 and F2 (first and second formants), phonemic error rate, and percent incidence of each SAS versus non–SAS-elicited phoneme produced under each cue type. Results: For SAS trials compared to non-SAS, speech intensity increased (Δ + 0.6 dB), speech pitch increased (Δ + 22.7 Hz), and formants (F1 and F2) changed, resulting in a smaller vowel space after SAS. SAS affected pitch trajectories for some, but not all, words. Non-SAS trials had more stops (Δ + 4.7 utterances) while SAS trials had more sustained phonemes (fricatives, glides, affricates, liquids; Δ + 5.4 utterances). SAS trials had fewer distortion errors but no change in substitution errors or overall error rate compared to non-SAS trials. Conclusions: We show that stroke-impaired speech is susceptible to StartReact, evidenced by decreased intelligibility due to altered formants, pitch trajectories, and articulation, including increased incidence of sounds that could not be produced without SAS. Future studies should examine the impact of SAS on voluntary speech intelligibility and clinical measures of aphasia and apraxia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00486 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 15 StartPage: 1671 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Repetition (Learning process) Type: general – SubjectFull: Aphasia Type: general – SubjectFull: Speech perception Type: general – SubjectFull: Phonological awareness Type: general – SubjectFull: Intelligibility of speech Type: general – SubjectFull: Acoustic stimulation Type: general – SubjectFull: Apraxia Type: general – SubjectFull: Stroke Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Impact of Startling Acoustic Stimuli on Word Repetition in Individuals With Aphasia and Apraxia of Speech Following Stroke. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Swann, Zoe – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Daliri, Ayoub – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Honeycutt, Claire F. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: May2022 Type: published Y: 2022 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 10924388 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 65 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
