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Psychological safety in medical education: A scoping review and synthesis of the literature.

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Title: Psychological safety in medical education: A scoping review and synthesis of the literature.
Authors: McClintock, Adelaide H.1 ahearst@uw.edu, Fainstad, Tyra2, Blau, Kevin3, Jauregui, Joshua4 joshjaur@uw.edu
Source: Medical Teacher. Nov2023, Vol. 45 Issue 11, p1290-1299. 10p.
Subject Terms: *Psychology of medical students, *School environment, *Medical education, *ERIC (Information retrieval system), Well-being, Online information services, CINAHL database, Psychology information storage & retrieval systems, Medical quality control, Systematic reviews, Psychological safety, Descriptive statistics, MEDLINE
Abstract: Psychological safety (PS) is the belief that the environment is safe for risk taking. Available data point to a lack of PS in medical education. Based on literature in other fields, PS in clinical learning environments (CLEs) could support trainee well-being, belonging, and learning. However, the literature on PS in medical education has not been broadly assessed. In 2020, authors searched PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, ERIC, PsycInfo, and JSTOR for articles published prior to January 2020. Authors screened all search results for eligibility using specific criteria. Data were extracted and thematic analysis performed. Fifty-two articles met criteria. The majority focused on graduate medical education (45%), and 42% of studies took place within a CLE. Articles addressed organizational and team level constructs (58%), with fewer descriptions of specific behaviors of team members that promote or hinder safety. The impacts of safe environments for trainees and patients are areas in need of more exploration. Future research should focus on defining specific organizational and interpersonal leader behaviors that promote PS, seek to understand how PS is determined by individual trainees, and measure the impact of PS on learners, learning, and patient care outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Medical Teacher is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Psychological safety in medical education: A scoping review and synthesis of the literature.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McClintock%2C+Adelaide+H%2E%22">McClintock, Adelaide H.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> ahearst@uw.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fainstad%2C+Tyra%22">Fainstad, Tyra</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blau%2C+Kevin%22">Blau, Kevin</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jauregui%2C+Joshua%22">Jauregui, Joshua</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><i> joshjaur@uw.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Medical+Teacher%22">Medical Teacher</searchLink>. Nov2023, Vol. 45 Issue 11, p1290-1299. 10p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+of+medical+students%22">Psychology of medical students</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+environment%22">School environment</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+education%22">Medical education</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ERIC+%28Information+retrieval+system%29%22">ERIC (Information retrieval system)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Well-being%22">Well-being</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Online+information+services%22">Online information services</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CINAHL+database%22">CINAHL database</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+information+storage+%26+retrieval+systems%22">Psychology information storage & retrieval systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+quality+control%22">Medical quality control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Systematic+reviews%22">Systematic reviews</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+safety%22">Psychological safety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MEDLINE%22">MEDLINE</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Psychological safety (PS) is the belief that the environment is safe for risk taking. Available data point to a lack of PS in medical education. Based on literature in other fields, PS in clinical learning environments (CLEs) could support trainee well-being, belonging, and learning. However, the literature on PS in medical education has not been broadly assessed. In 2020, authors searched PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, ERIC, PsycInfo, and JSTOR for articles published prior to January 2020. Authors screened all search results for eligibility using specific criteria. Data were extracted and thematic analysis performed. Fifty-two articles met criteria. The majority focused on graduate medical education (45%), and 42% of studies took place within a CLE. Articles addressed organizational and team level constructs (58%), with fewer descriptions of specific behaviors of team members that promote or hinder safety. The impacts of safe environments for trainees and patients are areas in need of more exploration. Future research should focus on defining specific organizational and interpersonal leader behaviors that promote PS, seek to understand how PS is determined by individual trainees, and measure the impact of PS on learners, learning, and patient care outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Medical Teacher is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/0142159X.2023.2216863
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 10
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      – SubjectFull: Psychology of medical students
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      – SubjectFull: School environment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical education
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      – SubjectFull: ERIC (Information retrieval system)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Well-being
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      – SubjectFull: Psychology information storage & retrieval systems
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      – SubjectFull: Medical quality control
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      – SubjectFull: Psychological safety
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: MEDLINE
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      – TitleFull: Psychological safety in medical education: A scoping review and synthesis of the literature.
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              M: 11
              Text: Nov2023
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