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Building a Program Theory of Implementation Using Process Evaluation of a Complex Quality Improvement Trial in Nursing Homes.

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Title: Building a Program Theory of Implementation Using Process Evaluation of a Complex Quality Improvement Trial in Nursing Homes.
Authors: Ginsburg, Liane R1 (AUTHOR) lgins@yorku.ca, Easterbrook, Adam2 (AUTHOR), Massie, Ariane3 (AUTHOR), Berta, Whitney4 (AUTHOR), Doupe, Malcolm5 (AUTHOR), Hoben, Matthias1 (AUTHOR), Norton, Peter6 (AUTHOR), Reid, Colin7 (AUTHOR), Song, Yuting8 (AUTHOR), Wagg, Adrian9 (AUTHOR), Estabrooks, Carole8 (AUTHOR)
Source: Gerontologist. Feb2024, Vol. 64 Issue 2, p1-14. 14p.
Subject Terms: *Research, *Research methodology, *Human services programs, *Qualitative research, *Theory, Evaluation of medical care, Evaluation of human services programs, Grounded theory, Mathematical models, Quantitative research, Nursing care facilities, Quality assurance, Research funding, Long-term health care
Abstract: Background and Objectives Significant quality problems exist in long-term care (LTC). Interventions to improve care are complex and often have limited success. Implementation remains a black box. We developed a program theory explaining how implementation of a complex intervention occurs in LTC settings— examining mechanisms of impact, effects of context on implementation, and implementation outcomes such as fidelity. Research Design and Methods Concurrent process evaluation of Safer Care for Older Persons in residential Environments (SCOPE)— a frontline worker (care aide) led improvement trial in 31 Canadian LTC homes. Using a mixed-methods exploratory sequential design, qualitative data were analyzed using grounded theory to develop a conceptual model illustrating how teams implemented the intervention and how it produced change. Quantitative analyses (mixed-effects regression) tested aspects of the program theory. Results Implementation fidelity was moderate. Implementation is facilitated by (a) care aide engagement with core intervention components; (b) supportive leadership (internal facilitation) to create positive team dynamics and help negotiate competing workplace priorities; (c) shifts in care aide role perceptions and power differentials. Mixed-effects model results suggest intervention acceptability, perceived intervention benefits, and leadership support predict implementation fidelity. When leadership support is high, fidelity is high regardless of intervention acceptability or perceived benefits. Discussion and Implications Our program theory addresses important knowledge gaps regarding implementation of complex interventions in nursing homes. Results can guide scaling of complex interventions and future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Gerontologist is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Building a Program Theory of Implementation Using Process Evaluation of a Complex Quality Improvement Trial in Nursing Homes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ginsburg%2C+Liane+R%22">Ginsburg, Liane R</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lgins@yorku.ca</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Easterbrook%2C+Adam%22">Easterbrook, Adam</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Massie%2C+Ariane%22">Massie, Ariane</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Berta%2C+Whitney%22">Berta, Whitney</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Doupe%2C+Malcolm%22">Doupe, Malcolm</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hoben%2C+Matthias%22">Hoben, Matthias</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Norton%2C+Peter%22">Norton, Peter</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reid%2C+Colin%22">Reid, Colin</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Song%2C+Yuting%22">Song, Yuting</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wagg%2C+Adrian%22">Wagg, Adrian</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Estabrooks%2C+Carole%22">Estabrooks, Carole</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Gerontologist%22">Gerontologist</searchLink>. Feb2024, Vol. 64 Issue 2, p1-14. 14p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background and Objectives Significant quality problems exist in long-term care (LTC). Interventions to improve care are complex and often have limited success. Implementation remains a black box. We developed a program theory explaining how implementation of a complex intervention occurs in LTC settings— examining mechanisms of impact, effects of context on implementation, and implementation outcomes such as fidelity. Research Design and Methods Concurrent process evaluation of Safer Care for Older Persons in residential Environments (SCOPE)— a frontline worker (care aide) led improvement trial in 31 Canadian LTC homes. Using a mixed-methods exploratory sequential design, qualitative data were analyzed using grounded theory to develop a conceptual model illustrating how teams implemented the intervention and how it produced change. Quantitative analyses (mixed-effects regression) tested aspects of the program theory. Results Implementation fidelity was moderate. Implementation is facilitated by (a) care aide engagement with core intervention components; (b) supportive leadership (internal facilitation) to create positive team dynamics and help negotiate competing workplace priorities; (c) shifts in care aide role perceptions and power differentials. Mixed-effects model results suggest intervention acceptability, perceived intervention benefits, and leadership support predict implementation fidelity. When leadership support is high, fidelity is high regardless of intervention acceptability or perceived benefits. Discussion and Implications Our program theory addresses important knowledge gaps regarding implementation of complex interventions in nursing homes. Results can guide scaling of complex interventions and future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Gerontologist is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1093/geront/gnad064
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
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      – SubjectFull: Human services programs
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      – SubjectFull: Qualitative research
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      – SubjectFull: Theory
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      – SubjectFull: Evaluation of medical care
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      – SubjectFull: Evaluation of human services programs
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      – SubjectFull: Grounded theory
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      – SubjectFull: Quantitative research
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      – SubjectFull: Nursing care facilities
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      – SubjectFull: Quality assurance
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      – SubjectFull: Long-term health care
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      – TitleFull: Building a Program Theory of Implementation Using Process Evaluation of a Complex Quality Improvement Trial in Nursing Homes.
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              Text: Feb2024
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