An exploratory study on practising listening comprehension skills in high‐immersion virtual reality.

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Title: An exploratory study on practising listening comprehension skills in high‐immersion virtual reality.
Authors: Ye, Yongluan1 (AUTHOR), Kaplan‐Rakowski, Regina1 (AUTHOR) regina.kaplan‐rakowski@unt.edu
Source: British Journal of Educational Technology. Jul2024, Vol. 55 Issue 4, p1651-1672. 22p.
Subject Terms: *Listening comprehension, *Listening skills, *Cognitive load, *Interactive multimedia, Analysis of covariance, Virtual reality
Abstract: Holding learners' attention is challenging, especially when they are asked to listen to long passages. High‐immersion virtual reality (VR) can immerse learners in listening tasks, even in such complex languages as Chinese. This exploratory study examined the effect of VR on 43 Chinese language learners' listening comprehension, enjoyment, sense of presence, and cognitive load. Participants were self‐selected into two groups without knowing the purpose of the study or the details of their activity. The experimental group (n1 = 23) experienced an interactive multimedia story in VR, and the comparison group (n2 = 20) watched a screencast video recording of the same story. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) indicated that VR may have a positive effect on the development of listening skills. Compared with the video group, the VR group had significantly higher listening comprehension scores, reported significantly more enjoyment and sense of presence, and reported experiencing less cognitive load. Thus, the findings suggest that VR could be used as a pedagogical tool to enhance foreign language listening skills.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topicPractising listening skills is key for language development.Virtual reality (VR) is motivational and engaging.Research on practising listening skills in VR is scarce.What this paper addsVR can be beneficial for practising listening skills.Language learners highly enjoy practising listening in VR.Interactivity can improve engagement and support listening comprehension.Implications for practice and/or policyLearners should be provided pretraining and scaffolding prior to using VR.The duration of VR activities should be considered.Interactivity in VR may increase its effectiveness in attending listening tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of British Journal of Educational Technology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: An exploratory study on practising listening comprehension skills in high‐immersion virtual reality.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ye%2C+Yongluan%22">Ye, Yongluan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kaplan‐Rakowski%2C+Regina%22">Kaplan‐Rakowski, Regina</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> regina.kaplan‐rakowski@unt.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22British+Journal+of+Educational+Technology%22">British Journal of Educational Technology</searchLink>. Jul2024, Vol. 55 Issue 4, p1651-1672. 22p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Listening+comprehension%22">Listening comprehension</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Listening+skills%22">Listening skills</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+load%22">Cognitive load</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interactive+multimedia%22">Interactive multimedia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analysis+of+covariance%22">Analysis of covariance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Virtual+reality%22">Virtual reality</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Holding learners' attention is challenging, especially when they are asked to listen to long passages. High‐immersion virtual reality (VR) can immerse learners in listening tasks, even in such complex languages as Chinese. This exploratory study examined the effect of VR on 43 Chinese language learners' listening comprehension, enjoyment, sense of presence, and cognitive load. Participants were self‐selected into two groups without knowing the purpose of the study or the details of their activity. The experimental group (n1 = 23) experienced an interactive multimedia story in VR, and the comparison group (n2 = 20) watched a screencast video recording of the same story. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) indicated that VR may have a positive effect on the development of listening skills. Compared with the video group, the VR group had significantly higher listening comprehension scores, reported significantly more enjoyment and sense of presence, and reported experiencing less cognitive load. Thus, the findings suggest that VR could be used as a pedagogical tool to enhance foreign language listening skills.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topicPractising listening skills is key for language development.Virtual reality (VR) is motivational and engaging.Research on practising listening skills in VR is scarce.What this paper addsVR can be beneficial for practising listening skills.Language learners highly enjoy practising listening in VR.Interactivity can improve engagement and support listening comprehension.Implications for practice and/or policyLearners should be provided pretraining and scaffolding prior to using VR.The duration of VR activities should be considered.Interactivity in VR may increase its effectiveness in attending listening tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of British Journal of Educational Technology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/bjet.13481
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Listening comprehension
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Listening skills
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      – SubjectFull: Cognitive load
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      – SubjectFull: Interactive multimedia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Analysis of covariance
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      – SubjectFull: Virtual reality
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            NameFull: Ye, Yongluan
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            NameFull: Kaplan‐Rakowski, Regina
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2024
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              Y: 2024
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