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Morphological and Inhibitory Skills in Monolingual and Bilingual Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder.

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Title: Morphological and Inhibitory Skills in Monolingual and Bilingual Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder.
Authors: Gandolfi, Elena1 elena.gandolfi@unito.it, Diotallevi, Giovanna2, Viterbori, Paola3
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Aug2024, Vol. 67 Issue 8, p2620-2637. 18p.
Subject Terms: *Communicative competence, *Comparative grammar, *Data analysis, *Phonological awareness, *Multilingualism, *Ability, *Language disorders, *Vocabulary, *Comparative studies, *Training, *Children, Task performance, Descriptive statistics, Italians, One-way analysis of variance, Statistics
Abstract: Purpose: This study examined the language and nonverbal inhibitory control skills of Italian monolingual and bilingual typically developing (TD) preschoolers with Italian as their second language and of age-matched monolingual and bilingual peers with developmental language disorder (DLD). Method: Four groups of preschoolers were enrolled: 30 TD Italian monolinguals, 24 TD bilinguals, 19 Italian monolinguals with DLD, and 19 bilinguals with DLD. All children were assessed in Italian on vocabulary, receptive morphosyntax, and morphological markers for DLD in the Italian language (i.e., third-person verb inflections, definite articles, third-person direct-object clitic pronouns, simple prepositions) and nonverbal inhibitory control skills. Group performance was compared using a series of one-way analyses of variance. Results: Monolingual and bilingual children with DLD achieved significantly lower performance in all language measures compared to both TD monolingual and bilingual children. However, TD bilinguals, although comprehensively showing better language skills than monolinguals with DLD, achieved a performance closer to that of monolinguals with DLD but significantly higher than that of bilinguals with DLD. Both TD monolinguals and bilinguals showed better results than both DLD groups in inhibitory control tasks, particularly in the interference suppression task. Conclusions: This study provides a picture of language and inhibitory control characteristics of children with various language profiles and adds to the literature on potential markers of DLD among bilingual children. These results suggest that the assessment of nonlinguistic markers, which are associated with language impairment, could be a useful approach to better specify the diagnosis of DLD and reduce cases of misdiagnosis in the context of bilingualism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Morphological and Inhibitory Skills in Monolingual and Bilingual Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gandolfi%2C+Elena%22">Gandolfi, Elena</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> elena.gandolfi@unito.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Diotallevi%2C+Giovanna%22">Diotallevi, Giovanna</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Viterbori%2C+Paola%22">Viterbori, Paola</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Aug2024, Vol. 67 Issue 8, p2620-2637. 18p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Communicative+competence%22">Communicative competence</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+grammar%22">Comparative grammar</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis%22">Data analysis</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phonological+awareness%22">Phonological awareness</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multilingualism%22">Multilingualism</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ability%22">Ability</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+disorders%22">Language disorders</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vocabulary%22">Vocabulary</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Training%22">Training</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Task+performance%22">Task performance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Italians%22">Italians</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22One-way+analysis+of+variance%22">One-way analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistics%22">Statistics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Purpose: This study examined the language and nonverbal inhibitory control skills of Italian monolingual and bilingual typically developing (TD) preschoolers with Italian as their second language and of age-matched monolingual and bilingual peers with developmental language disorder (DLD). Method: Four groups of preschoolers were enrolled: 30 TD Italian monolinguals, 24 TD bilinguals, 19 Italian monolinguals with DLD, and 19 bilinguals with DLD. All children were assessed in Italian on vocabulary, receptive morphosyntax, and morphological markers for DLD in the Italian language (i.e., third-person verb inflections, definite articles, third-person direct-object clitic pronouns, simple prepositions) and nonverbal inhibitory control skills. Group performance was compared using a series of one-way analyses of variance. Results: Monolingual and bilingual children with DLD achieved significantly lower performance in all language measures compared to both TD monolingual and bilingual children. However, TD bilinguals, although comprehensively showing better language skills than monolinguals with DLD, achieved a performance closer to that of monolinguals with DLD but significantly higher than that of bilinguals with DLD. Both TD monolinguals and bilinguals showed better results than both DLD groups in inhibitory control tasks, particularly in the interference suppression task. Conclusions: This study provides a picture of language and inhibitory control characteristics of children with various language profiles and adds to the literature on potential markers of DLD among bilingual children. These results suggest that the assessment of nonlinguistic markers, which are associated with language impairment, could be a useful approach to better specify the diagnosis of DLD and reduce cases of misdiagnosis in the context of bilingualism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1044/2024_JSLHR-23-00368
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 2620
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Communicative competence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative grammar
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Phonological awareness
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      – SubjectFull: Multilingualism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language disorders
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      – SubjectFull: Vocabulary
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      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
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      – SubjectFull: Training
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      – SubjectFull: Children
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      – SubjectFull: Task performance
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Italians
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      – SubjectFull: One-way analysis of variance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistics
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Morphological and Inhibitory Skills in Monolingual and Bilingual Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder.
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            NameFull: Gandolfi, Elena
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              Text: Aug2024
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