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Effect of External Ear Deformity on Hearing in Wrestlers.

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Title: Effect of External Ear Deformity on Hearing in Wrestlers.
Authors: Özal, Nurşah1 nursahozal@gmail.com, Kara, Halide Çetin2, Çögen, Talha3, Özdoğan, Hasan Ahmet4
Source: American Journal of Audiology. Sep2024, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p863-873. 11p.
Subject Terms: *Data analysis, *Hearing, *Speech perception, *Hearing disorders, External ear abnormalities, Blunt trauma, Pearson correlation (Statistics), Bone conduction, Cronbach's alpha, T-test (Statistics), Questionnaires, Kruskal-Wallis Test, Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U Test, Wrestling, Ear canal, Case-control method, Statistics, Analysis of variance, Space perception, Hearing levels, Data analysis software, Impedance audiometry, Otoscopy
Abstract: Purpose: Cauliflower ear in wrestlers can lead to hearing impairment. This study primarily aims to assess the hearing of wrestlers with bilateral cauliflower ears and determine their external ear canal (EEC) resonance frequencies. Our second aim is to evaluate their hearing quality, speech, and spatial perception. Method: This study included 28 male wrestlers aged 18--35 years with bilateral cauliflower ears, as well as 27 male participants in the control group with no wrestling history. The participants' hearing thresholds were determined across the frequency range of 125--16000 Hz for air-conduction and 500--4000 Hz for bone conduction. EEC resonance frequencies were measured. Additionally, all participants completed the Turkish version of the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) questionnaire. Results: Wrestlers with cauliflower ears exhibited significantly higher hearing thresholds, particularly at frequencies above 4000 Hz (p < .05). Analysis of EEC resonance showed a shift to higher frequencies in the second resonance peak of the right ear (p < .001) and the first resonance peak of the left ear (p = .045). SSQ scores revealed that wrestlers had higher spatial perception (p = .046), hearing quality (p = .004), and general scores (p = .042) in comparison to the control group. Conclusions: Blunt traumas in wrestlers, leading to cauliflower ear, can result in hearing loss. Moreover, deformities in the external ear affect the resonance frequencies of the EEC. Therefore, it is crucial to advocate for the use of ear protection equipment among wrestlers. When fitting hearing aids, attention should be given to changes in the EEC resonance frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal of Audiology is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Effect of External Ear Deformity on Hearing in Wrestlers.
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  Data: Purpose: Cauliflower ear in wrestlers can lead to hearing impairment. This study primarily aims to assess the hearing of wrestlers with bilateral cauliflower ears and determine their external ear canal (EEC) resonance frequencies. Our second aim is to evaluate their hearing quality, speech, and spatial perception. Method: This study included 28 male wrestlers aged 18--35 years with bilateral cauliflower ears, as well as 27 male participants in the control group with no wrestling history. The participants&#39; hearing thresholds were determined across the frequency range of 125--16000 Hz for air-conduction and 500--4000 Hz for bone conduction. EEC resonance frequencies were measured. Additionally, all participants completed the Turkish version of the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) questionnaire. Results: Wrestlers with cauliflower ears exhibited significantly higher hearing thresholds, particularly at frequencies above 4000 Hz (p &lt; .05). Analysis of EEC resonance showed a shift to higher frequencies in the second resonance peak of the right ear (p &lt; .001) and the first resonance peak of the left ear (p = .045). SSQ scores revealed that wrestlers had higher spatial perception (p = .046), hearing quality (p = .004), and general scores (p = .042) in comparison to the control group. Conclusions: Blunt traumas in wrestlers, leading to cauliflower ear, can result in hearing loss. Moreover, deformities in the external ear affect the resonance frequencies of the EEC. Therefore, it is crucial to advocate for the use of ear protection equipment among wrestlers. When fitting hearing aids, attention should be given to changes in the EEC resonance frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of American Journal of Audiology is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00277
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 863
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hearing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech perception
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hearing disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: External ear abnormalities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Blunt trauma
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pearson correlation (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bone conduction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cronbach's alpha
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: T-test (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Kruskal-Wallis Test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mann Whitney U Test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wrestling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ear canal
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Case-control method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Analysis of variance
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      – SubjectFull: Space perception
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hearing levels
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Impedance audiometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Otoscopy
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Effect of External Ear Deformity on Hearing in Wrestlers.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Özal, Nurşah
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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