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The influence of grade retention on students' competences in Spain.

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Title: The influence of grade retention on students' competences in Spain.
Authors: Lopez‐Agudo, Luis Alejandro1 (AUTHOR) lopezagudo@uma.es, de Guevara Rodríguez, María Ladrón1,2 (AUTHOR), Marcenaro‐Gutierrez, Oscar David1 (AUTHOR)
Source: European Journal of Education. Dec2024, Vol. 59 Issue 4, p1-21. 21p.
Subject Terms: *Grade repetition, *School dropout prevention, *Grading of students, *Students, Standard deviations
Company/Entity: Programme for International Student Assessment
Abstract: Grade retention is at the core of the education debate in Spain, to the extent that its impact on students' competences has not been assessed beyond correlation. Because of that, in the present study, we analyse the influence of grade retention on students' competences, using more than 146,000 students from 6 PISA cycles (2003–2018) and an instrumental variable approach, in order to approach a causal influence. Our results show that repeating a grade in Spain seems to reduce students' competences between 1.5 and 1.7 standard deviations. Based on these results, we conclude that the Spanish educational authorities should find an alternative to grade retention, in order to prevent students from attaining a lower competence level due to repetition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Journal of Education is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Education%22">European Journal of Education</searchLink>. Dec2024, Vol. 59 Issue 4, p1-21. 21p.
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  Data: Grade retention is at the core of the education debate in Spain, to the extent that its impact on students' competences has not been assessed beyond correlation. Because of that, in the present study, we analyse the influence of grade retention on students' competences, using more than 146,000 students from 6 PISA cycles (2003–2018) and an instrumental variable approach, in order to approach a causal influence. Our results show that repeating a grade in Spain seems to reduce students' competences between 1.5 and 1.7 standard deviations. Based on these results, we conclude that the Spanish educational authorities should find an alternative to grade retention, in order to prevent students from attaining a lower competence level due to repetition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Journal of Education is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/ejed.12736
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        Text: English
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2024
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