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Measurement instruments for perspective-taking: BEME Review No. 91.

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Title: Measurement instruments for perspective-taking: BEME Review No. 91.
Authors: Leijenaar, Elsemarijn L.1 e.l.leijenaar@umcutrecht.nl, Milota, Megan M.1, van Delden, Johannes J. M.1, van Royen–Kerkhof, Annet2
Source: Medical Teacher. Jun2025, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p934-942. 9p.
Subject Terms: *Self-evaluation, *Medical education, *Research methodology evaluation, *Experimental design, *Research methodology, *Student attitudes, *Evaluation, Medical information storage & retrieval systems, Interviewing, CINAHL database, Patient-centered care, Systematic reviews, MEDLINE, Psychometrics, Attitudes of medical personnel, Medical databases, Online information services, Psychology information storage & retrieval systems
Abstract: Aim: Perspective-taking is increasingly valued as an important competence to deliver person-centered care. It is conceptualized as a facet of cognitive empathy, but also connected to other attitudes and competences. Multiple studies report on educational interventions focused on perspective-taking, but an overview of instruments to measure perspective-taking is lacking. This scoping review aims to get insight into the instruments currently used to measure perspective taking in different educational fields and healthcare settings. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in seven databases. After screening for eligibility by multiple authors, 60 articles were included. The ascertained measurement instruments were subcategorized in psychometric instruments, qualitative methods and indirect instruments. Results: The psychometric scales encompassed five independent scales for perspective-taking and three subscales of multidimensional empathy scales. Predominantly self-reporting scales were found, only one scale used patient-reported assessment. The qualitative studies used semi-structured interviews, written responses and the 'think-aloud' procedure. Indirect instruments concern tools initially developed for different purposes used for measuring perspective-taking. Conclusions: This scoping review provides insight into the measurement approaches of perspective-taking in different domains. However, there is a lack of independent psychometric instruments and systematic qualitative tools for perspective-taking. Future research should develop and validate novel measurement instruments for perspective-taking in healthcare education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Medical Teacher is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Measurement instruments for perspective-taking: BEME Review No. 91.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Leijenaar%2C+Elsemarijn+L%2E%22">Leijenaar, Elsemarijn L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> e.l.leijenaar@umcutrecht.nl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Milota%2C+Megan+M%2E%22">Milota, Megan M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Delden%2C+Johannes+J%2E+M%2E%22">van Delden, Johannes J. M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Royen–Kerkhof%2C+Annet%22">van Royen–Kerkhof, Annet</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Medical+Teacher%22">Medical Teacher</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p934-942. 9p.
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  Data: Aim: Perspective-taking is increasingly valued as an important competence to deliver person-centered care. It is conceptualized as a facet of cognitive empathy, but also connected to other attitudes and competences. Multiple studies report on educational interventions focused on perspective-taking, but an overview of instruments to measure perspective-taking is lacking. This scoping review aims to get insight into the instruments currently used to measure perspective taking in different educational fields and healthcare settings. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in seven databases. After screening for eligibility by multiple authors, 60 articles were included. The ascertained measurement instruments were subcategorized in psychometric instruments, qualitative methods and indirect instruments. Results: The psychometric scales encompassed five independent scales for perspective-taking and three subscales of multidimensional empathy scales. Predominantly self-reporting scales were found, only one scale used patient-reported assessment. The qualitative studies used semi-structured interviews, written responses and the 'think-aloud' procedure. Indirect instruments concern tools initially developed for different purposes used for measuring perspective-taking. Conclusions: This scoping review provides insight into the measurement approaches of perspective-taking in different domains. However, there is a lack of independent psychometric instruments and systematic qualitative tools for perspective-taking. Future research should develop and validate novel measurement instruments for perspective-taking in healthcare education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Medical Teacher is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/0142159X.2024.2412140
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Self-evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical education
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      – SubjectFull: Research methodology evaluation
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      – SubjectFull: Experimental design
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      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
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      – SubjectFull: Student attitudes
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      – SubjectFull: Medical information storage & retrieval systems
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              Text: Jun2025
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