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Visualised Scale of Attitude Towards Mathematics: A Validity and Reliability Study.

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Title: Visualised Scale of Attitude Towards Mathematics: A Validity and Reliability Study.
Authors: Kılıç, Remzi1 (AUTHOR) remziklc@gmail.com, Bölükbaş, Feyza Aydın1 (AUTHOR)
Source: European Journal of Education. Jun2025, Vol. 60 Issue 2, p1-13. 13p.
Subject Terms: *Student attitudes, *School children, *Exploratory factor analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis, Psychometrics
Abstract: This study was conducted to develop an instrument with good psychometric properties to measure primary school students' attitudes towards mathematics. For this purpose, the screening model was utilised in the research. The form was prepared in the form of a five‐point Likert scale (Very Unhappy, Unhappy, Neither Happy nor Unhappy, Happy, Very Happy). Visuals were used to determine the students' responses on the developed scale, thus making the measurement process more fun and interesting for students. We administered the scale to two groups of primary school students and applied exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to the data obtained from the first group (n = 576). The results of the EFA revealed that the scale has a one‐dimensional structure consisting of 14 items. The scale was then applied to the second group of elementary school students (n = 347) to confirm the single‐factor structure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The fit indices calculated during the CFA indicated an excellent model fit of the scale. Finally, Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega and item‐total correlations were calculated for the reliability analysis of the scale, and the results yielded considerably high values. The analysis results indicate that the developed visual mathematics attitude scale is a highly valid and reliable measurement instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Journal of Education is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Visualised Scale of Attitude Towards Mathematics: A Validity and Reliability Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kılıç%2C+Remzi%22">Kılıç, Remzi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> remziklc@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bölükbaş%2C+Feyza+Aydın%22">Bölükbaş, Feyza Aydın</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Education%22">European Journal of Education</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 60 Issue 2, p1-13. 13p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+attitudes%22">Student attitudes</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+children%22">School children</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Exploratory+factor+analysis%22">Exploratory factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confirmatory+factor+analysis%22">Confirmatory factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychometrics%22">Psychometrics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study was conducted to develop an instrument with good psychometric properties to measure primary school students' attitudes towards mathematics. For this purpose, the screening model was utilised in the research. The form was prepared in the form of a five‐point Likert scale (Very Unhappy, Unhappy, Neither Happy nor Unhappy, Happy, Very Happy). Visuals were used to determine the students' responses on the developed scale, thus making the measurement process more fun and interesting for students. We administered the scale to two groups of primary school students and applied exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to the data obtained from the first group (n = 576). The results of the EFA revealed that the scale has a one‐dimensional structure consisting of 14 items. The scale was then applied to the second group of elementary school students (n = 347) to confirm the single‐factor structure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The fit indices calculated during the CFA indicated an excellent model fit of the scale. Finally, Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega and item‐total correlations were calculated for the reliability analysis of the scale, and the results yielded considerably high values. The analysis results indicate that the developed visual mathematics attitude scale is a highly valid and reliable measurement instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of European Journal of Education is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/ejed.70072
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Exploratory factor analysis
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      – TitleFull: Visualised Scale of Attitude Towards Mathematics: A Validity and Reliability Study.
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              Text: Jun2025
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              Y: 2025
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