Adaptation and Standardization of Two Arabic Communicative Development Inventories for Children Aged 8-30 Months and 30-48 Months in Egypt, Jordan, and Palestine.

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Title: Adaptation and Standardization of Two Arabic Communicative Development Inventories for Children Aged 8-30 Months and 30-48 Months in Egypt, Jordan, and Palestine.
Authors: Abdelwahab, Alshaimaa1,2 caroline.floccia@plymouth.ac, Floccia, Caroline1, Forbes, Samuel3, Alsiddiqi, Zakiyah1, Al-Shdifat, Khalid4, McKean, Cristina5, Odeh, Thair6, Trebacz, Anastasia5,7, Khattab, Ghada5
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Jul2025, Vol. 68 Issue 7, p3239-3290. 52p.
Subject Terms: *Human services programs, *Comparative studies, *Language acquisition, *Educational attainment, *Children, Word deafness, Research evaluation, Questionnaires, Sex distribution, Descriptive statistics, Inventories, Psychometrics, Psychology of parents, Early diagnosis, Developing countries
Abstract: Purpose: Assessing early language skills through parental report is a costeffective way to screen for language delays when resources are scarce. A pan-Arabic lexeme approach was tested by extending the Egyptian adaptation of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory (CDI) to Jordan and Palestine in infants aged 8-30 months (Arabic CDI Toddler). We also developed a version for children aged 30-48 months (Arabic CDI Child) in the three countries. A fair representation of the population in terms of geographical spread, maternal education, and environmental context was obtained through stratified sampling. Method: The Arabic CDI Toddler, containing a 100-word list with dialect variations from the three countries, was completed online or face-to-face by 427 Egyptian (including 259 from Abdelwahab et al., 2021), 455 Jordanian, and 440 Palestinian mothers. The Arabic CDI Child, comprising a 100-word list, 23 simple/complex pairs of sentences, and 11 language use questions, was completed by 836 Egyptian parents, 318 Jordanians, and 304 Palestinians. Nongovernmental organizations facilitated contact with harder-to-reach families due to illiteracy or limited internet access. Results: Child gender and maternal education effects were found for the Arabic CDI Toddler in Jordan and Palestine, while maternal education effects were generally found across the three countries and all sections of the Arabic CDI Child. For the Arabic CDI Toddler, norms were computed for Jordan and Palestine, separately from Egypt. For the Arabic CDI Child, separate norms were provided for each country. Conclusions: The production of a unique set of norms was contained to two countries for 8- to 30-month-old children, highlighting the limits of a pan-Arabic lexeme approach to the development of parental reports. The Arabic CDI Toddler and CDI Child have the potential to be useful to parents, Early Years professionals, and researchers who need to assess children's Arabic knowledge for detecting those at risk of poor language outcomes and in need of intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Adaptation and Standardization of Two Arabic Communicative Development Inventories for Children Aged 8-30 Months and 30-48 Months in Egypt, Jordan, and Palestine.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abdelwahab%2C+Alshaimaa%22">Abdelwahab, Alshaimaa</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> caroline.floccia@plymouth.ac</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Floccia%2C+Caroline%22">Floccia, Caroline</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Forbes%2C+Samuel%22">Forbes, Samuel</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alsiddiqi%2C+Zakiyah%22">Alsiddiqi, Zakiyah</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Al-Shdifat%2C+Khalid%22">Al-Shdifat, Khalid</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McKean%2C+Cristina%22">McKean, Cristina</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Odeh%2C+Thair%22">Odeh, Thair</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Trebacz%2C+Anastasia%22">Trebacz, Anastasia</searchLink><relatesTo>5,7</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Khattab%2C+Ghada%22">Khattab, Ghada</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Jul2025, Vol. 68 Issue 7, p3239-3290. 52p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Human+services+programs%22">Human services programs</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+acquisition%22">Language acquisition</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+attainment%22">Educational attainment</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Word+deafness%22">Word deafness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+evaluation%22">Research evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+distribution%22">Sex distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Inventories%22">Inventories</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychometrics%22">Psychometrics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+of+parents%22">Psychology of parents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Early+diagnosis%22">Early diagnosis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Developing+countries%22">Developing countries</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: Assessing early language skills through parental report is a costeffective way to screen for language delays when resources are scarce. A pan-Arabic lexeme approach was tested by extending the Egyptian adaptation of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory (CDI) to Jordan and Palestine in infants aged 8-30 months (Arabic CDI Toddler). We also developed a version for children aged 30-48 months (Arabic CDI Child) in the three countries. A fair representation of the population in terms of geographical spread, maternal education, and environmental context was obtained through stratified sampling. Method: The Arabic CDI Toddler, containing a 100-word list with dialect variations from the three countries, was completed online or face-to-face by 427 Egyptian (including 259 from Abdelwahab et al., 2021), 455 Jordanian, and 440 Palestinian mothers. The Arabic CDI Child, comprising a 100-word list, 23 simple/complex pairs of sentences, and 11 language use questions, was completed by 836 Egyptian parents, 318 Jordanians, and 304 Palestinians. Nongovernmental organizations facilitated contact with harder-to-reach families due to illiteracy or limited internet access. Results: Child gender and maternal education effects were found for the Arabic CDI Toddler in Jordan and Palestine, while maternal education effects were generally found across the three countries and all sections of the Arabic CDI Child. For the Arabic CDI Toddler, norms were computed for Jordan and Palestine, separately from Egypt. For the Arabic CDI Child, separate norms were provided for each country. Conclusions: The production of a unique set of norms was contained to two countries for 8- to 30-month-old children, highlighting the limits of a pan-Arabic lexeme approach to the development of parental reports. The Arabic CDI Toddler and CDI Child have the potential to be useful to parents, Early Years professionals, and researchers who need to assess children's Arabic knowledge for detecting those at risk of poor language outcomes and in need of intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00534
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 52
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Human services programs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language acquisition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational attainment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Word deafness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Inventories
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychometrics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of parents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Early diagnosis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Developing countries
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Adaptation and Standardization of Two Arabic Communicative Development Inventories for Children Aged 8-30 Months and 30-48 Months in Egypt, Jordan, and Palestine.
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              Text: Jul2025
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