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Friendship Quality and Mental Health of Youth in Residential Care: The Moderating Role of Individual and Contextual Variables.

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Title: Friendship Quality and Mental Health of Youth in Residential Care: The Moderating Role of Individual and Contextual Variables.
Authors: Calheiros, Maria Manuela1 maria.calheiros@psicologia.ulisboa.pt, Rodrigues, Ana Filipa2, Camilo, Claudia1, Silva, Carla Sofia1
Source: Child & Youth Care Forum. Aug2025, Vol. 54 Issue 4, p959-981. 23p.
Subject Terms: *Criticism, *Friendship, *Adolescence, Mental health, Satisfaction, Research funding, Sex distribution, Questionnaires, Age distribution, Descriptive statistics, Social support, Residential care, Self-disclosure
Abstract: Background: Supportive relationships provide positive affect and a sense of belonging, which enable positive mental health outcomes. Objective: This study examines the association between the quality of the relationship of youth in Residential Care (RC) with their best friend and their mental health, considering the moderator role of gender and age and the context of friendship (in/outside RC) in these associations. Method: Participants were 752 youth (46.4% girls), aged 11–25 years (M = 16.19, SD = 2.25), and their main caregiver. Youth filled out the Network of Relationships Inventory to evaluate their relationship quality with their best friend through six conceptually distinct, though interrelated, dimensions (companionship, intimate self-disclosure, emotional support, satisfaction, conflict and criticism), while their main residential caregiver completed the Child Behaviour Checklist (internalizing and externalizing problems). Results: Younger youth with higher levels of perceived emotional support have fewer internalizing problems, compared to older youth. Boys with higher perceived companionship are described as having lower levels of internalizing problems compared to girls. Girls with higher perceived intimate disclosure are described as having lower levels of internalizing problems, compared to boys. And girls with higher perceived conflict are described as having higher levels of externalizing problems, compared to boys. Conclusions: The findings add to existing evidence on the association between quality friendship relationships and youth's mental health, by highlighting the moderating role of youth's age and gender in that associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Child & Youth Care Forum is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Friendship Quality and Mental Health of Youth in Residential Care: The Moderating Role of Individual and Contextual Variables.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Child+%26+Youth+Care+Forum%22">Child & Youth Care Forum</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 54 Issue 4, p959-981. 23p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Criticism%22">Criticism</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Friendship%22">Friendship</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescence%22">Adolescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health%22">Mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Satisfaction%22">Satisfaction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+distribution%22">Sex distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+distribution%22">Age distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+support%22">Social support</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Residential+care%22">Residential care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self-disclosure%22">Self-disclosure</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: Supportive relationships provide positive affect and a sense of belonging, which enable positive mental health outcomes. Objective: This study examines the association between the quality of the relationship of youth in Residential Care (RC) with their best friend and their mental health, considering the moderator role of gender and age and the context of friendship (in/outside RC) in these associations. Method: Participants were 752 youth (46.4% girls), aged 11–25 years (M = 16.19, SD = 2.25), and their main caregiver. Youth filled out the Network of Relationships Inventory to evaluate their relationship quality with their best friend through six conceptually distinct, though interrelated, dimensions (companionship, intimate self-disclosure, emotional support, satisfaction, conflict and criticism), while their main residential caregiver completed the Child Behaviour Checklist (internalizing and externalizing problems). Results: Younger youth with higher levels of perceived emotional support have fewer internalizing problems, compared to older youth. Boys with higher perceived companionship are described as having lower levels of internalizing problems compared to girls. Girls with higher perceived intimate disclosure are described as having lower levels of internalizing problems, compared to boys. And girls with higher perceived conflict are described as having higher levels of externalizing problems, compared to boys. Conclusions: The findings add to existing evidence on the association between quality friendship relationships and youth's mental health, by highlighting the moderating role of youth's age and gender in that associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Child & Youth Care Forum is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10566-024-09847-z
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 23
        StartPage: 959
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Criticism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Friendship
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mental health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Satisfaction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Social support
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Residential care
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      – SubjectFull: Self-disclosure
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Friendship Quality and Mental Health of Youth in Residential Care: The Moderating Role of Individual and Contextual Variables.
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              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
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              Y: 2025
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