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Speech Kinematics and Perioral Muscle Activity Are Influenced by Stroop Effects.

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Title: Speech Kinematics and Perioral Muscle Activity Are Influenced by Stroop Effects.
Authors: Kriegel, Zoe1 zkriegel@uwyo.edu, Fullenkamp, Adam M.2, Whitfield, Jason A.3
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. 2025 Supplement, Vol. 68, p3525-3543. 19p.
Subject Terms: *Motor ability, *Cognition, Jaw physiology, Facial muscles, Speech, Research funding, Kinematics, Descriptive statistics, Electromyography, Psycholinguistics, Neuropsychological tests, Reaction time, Data analysis software, Lips, Muscle contraction
Abstract: Purpose: The current project aimed to examine the effects of two experimental cognitive--linguistic paradigms, the Stroop task and a primed Stroop task, on speech kinematics and perioral muscle activation. Method: Acoustic, kinematic, and surface electromyographic data were collected from the verbal responses of 30 young adult healthy control participants in choice response, classic Stroop, and primed Stroop tasks. The classic and primed Stroop tasks included congruent and incongruent trials. Across all three tasks, the set of possible responses was limited to the same three possible color words (red, green, and black) to facilitate performance comparisons between tasks. Results: Trials with ink--word incongruence in the Stroop tasks resulted in significantly higher muscle activation in the upper lip during response selection. In addition, a prime word within the Stroop task resulted in more spatial variation in lip + jaw movements for the spoken responses. These results were accompanied by the expected longer response times for incongruent trials in both classic and primed Stroop tasks. Conclusions: These findings may suggest that more central cognitive--linguistic interference processes may lead to inefficiencies in more peripheral speech motor control. Future research should investigate the pattern of these effects in older adults with and without motor speech disorders for research and clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Speech Kinematics and Perioral Muscle Activity Are Influenced by Stroop Effects.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kriegel%2C+Zoe%22">Kriegel, Zoe</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> zkriegel@uwyo.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fullenkamp%2C+Adam+M%2E%22">Fullenkamp, Adam M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Whitfield%2C+Jason+A%2E%22">Whitfield, Jason A.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. 2025 Supplement, Vol. 68, p3525-3543. 19p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Motor+ability%22">Motor ability</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition%22">Cognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Jaw+physiology%22">Jaw physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Facial+muscles%22">Facial muscles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech%22">Speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Kinematics%22">Kinematics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electromyography%22">Electromyography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psycholinguistics%22">Psycholinguistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neuropsychological+tests%22">Neuropsychological tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reaction+time%22">Reaction time</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lips%22">Lips</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Muscle+contraction%22">Muscle contraction</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: The current project aimed to examine the effects of two experimental cognitive--linguistic paradigms, the Stroop task and a primed Stroop task, on speech kinematics and perioral muscle activation. Method: Acoustic, kinematic, and surface electromyographic data were collected from the verbal responses of 30 young adult healthy control participants in choice response, classic Stroop, and primed Stroop tasks. The classic and primed Stroop tasks included congruent and incongruent trials. Across all three tasks, the set of possible responses was limited to the same three possible color words (red, green, and black) to facilitate performance comparisons between tasks. Results: Trials with ink--word incongruence in the Stroop tasks resulted in significantly higher muscle activation in the upper lip during response selection. In addition, a prime word within the Stroop task resulted in more spatial variation in lip + jaw movements for the spoken responses. These results were accompanied by the expected longer response times for incongruent trials in both classic and primed Stroop tasks. Conclusions: These findings may suggest that more central cognitive--linguistic interference processes may lead to inefficiencies in more peripheral speech motor control. Future research should investigate the pattern of these effects in older adults with and without motor speech disorders for research and clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=ehh&AN=187102503
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        Value: 10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00311
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 3525
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Motor ability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Jaw physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Facial muscles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Kinematics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electromyography
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      – SubjectFull: Psycholinguistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neuropsychological tests
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      – SubjectFull: Reaction time
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      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lips
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Muscle contraction
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Speech Kinematics and Perioral Muscle Activity Are Influenced by Stroop Effects.
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              M: 07
              Text: 2025 Supplement
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