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Measuring Adults' Readiness to Make a Positive Change to Stuttering and the Cognitive Processes That Predict It.

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Title: Measuring Adults' Readiness to Make a Positive Change to Stuttering and the Cognitive Processes That Predict It.
Authors: Rodgers, Naomi H.1 naomi-rodgers@uiowa.edu, Gerlach-Houck, Hope2, Paiva, Andrea3, Robbins, Mark3
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Aug2025, Vol. 68 Issue 8, p3703-3719. 17p.
Subject Terms: *Statistical correlation, *Cognitive testing, *Qualitative research, *Data analysis, *Research methodology evaluation, *Stuttering, *Behavior, *Attitude (Psychology), *Research methodology, *Research, *Quality of life, *Factor analysis, *Algorithms, *Evaluation, *Adults, Scale analysis (Psychology), Research funding, Self-efficacy, Cronbach's alpha, Positive psychology, Research evaluation, Transtheoretical model of change, Descriptive statistics, Multivariate analysis, Conceptual structures, Statistics, Analysis of variance, Change, Patients' attitudes
Geographic Terms: North America
Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate three interdependent scales of readiness to change among adults who stutter. The scales are based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) that we previously developed through qualitative work with adults who stutter and stuttering specialists regarding the characteristics of making a positive change to how they live with stuttering. Method: The anonymous, online survey was fully completed by 246 North American adults who stutter. The survey included three TTM scales (Stage of Change, Decisional Balance, and Situational Self-Efficacy) and the Quality of Life subscale of the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering (OASES-IV). Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to determine model fit and reduce the TTM scales to the most meaningful items. External validity was assessed by examining relationships between constructs. Results: The five stages of change readily applied to adults' readiness to make positive changes to how they live with stuttering. The Decisional Balance scale was reduced to 20 items subcategorized into three subscales (Interpersonal Pros, Internal Pros, and Cons), which all differed significantly across stages of change. The Situational Self-Efficacy scale was reduced to 17 items subcategorized into two subscales (Interpersonal Situations and Internal Situations), of which the former differed significantly across stages of change. The OASES-IV differed significantly across stages of change. Conclusions: The findings suggest that, for adults, the behaviors subsumed in making positive changes to stuttering fit the TTM framework, including the stages of change and the cognitive predictors of readiness to change (decisional balance and situational self-efficacy). The relationship among our measures (except for the cons of change) mirrors how these measures behave in adolescents who stutter and other health populations, further corroborating the application of the TTM to the stuttering experience. Future research confirming the validity of these measures across stages of change is warranted, as well as how these measures can inform stage-matched interventions for people who stutter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Measuring Adults' Readiness to Make a Positive Change to Stuttering and the Cognitive Processes That Predict It.
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  Data: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate three interdependent scales of readiness to change among adults who stutter. The scales are based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) that we previously developed through qualitative work with adults who stutter and stuttering specialists regarding the characteristics of making a positive change to how they live with stuttering. Method: The anonymous, online survey was fully completed by 246 North American adults who stutter. The survey included three TTM scales (Stage of Change, Decisional Balance, and Situational Self-Efficacy) and the Quality of Life subscale of the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering (OASES-IV). Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to determine model fit and reduce the TTM scales to the most meaningful items. External validity was assessed by examining relationships between constructs. Results: The five stages of change readily applied to adults' readiness to make positive changes to how they live with stuttering. The Decisional Balance scale was reduced to 20 items subcategorized into three subscales (Interpersonal Pros, Internal Pros, and Cons), which all differed significantly across stages of change. The Situational Self-Efficacy scale was reduced to 17 items subcategorized into two subscales (Interpersonal Situations and Internal Situations), of which the former differed significantly across stages of change. The OASES-IV differed significantly across stages of change. Conclusions: The findings suggest that, for adults, the behaviors subsumed in making positive changes to stuttering fit the TTM framework, including the stages of change and the cognitive predictors of readiness to change (decisional balance and situational self-efficacy). The relationship among our measures (except for the cons of change) mirrors how these measures behave in adolescents who stutter and other health populations, further corroborating the application of the TTM to the stuttering experience. Future research confirming the validity of these measures across stages of change is warranted, as well as how these measures can inform stage-matched interventions for people who stutter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=ehh&AN=187402257
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00787
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 3703
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      – SubjectFull: Statistical correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognitive testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Qualitative research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stuttering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attitude (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Quality of life
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Factor analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Algorithms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Evaluation
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      – SubjectFull: Adults
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      – SubjectFull: Self-efficacy
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      – SubjectFull: Cronbach's alpha
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      – SubjectFull: Positive psychology
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      – SubjectFull: Research evaluation
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      – SubjectFull: Transtheoretical model of change
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      – SubjectFull: Change
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      – SubjectFull: Patients' attitudes
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      – SubjectFull: North America
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Measuring Adults' Readiness to Make a Positive Change to Stuttering and the Cognitive Processes That Predict It.
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              Text: Aug2025
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