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Acoustical Analyses of Conversations Reveal Different Effects of Remote Microphones and Face Masks on Group Conversations by Aided Older Adults.

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Title: Acoustical Analyses of Conversations Reveal Different Effects of Remote Microphones and Face Masks on Group Conversations by Aided Older Adults.
Authors: Ellag, Menatalla1, Qian, Jinyu2, Ishida, Ieda, Edgett, L. D.3, Pichora-Fuller, M. K.4, MacDonald, Ewen N.1 ewen.macdonald@uwaterloo.ca
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Sep2025, Vol. 68 Issue 9, p4460-4473. 14p.
Subject Terms: *Conversation, *Speech evaluation, *Comparative studies, Noise, Research funding, Hearing aids, Statistical sampling, Descriptive statistics, Physiological aspects of speech, Medical masks, Analysis of variance, Data analysis software, Transducers, Hard of hearing people, Time, Old age
Abstract: Purpose: This study investigated if changes in speech and conversation behavior by aided individuals with hearing loss could be observed across conditions with versus without the use of a remote microphone while wearing and not wearing a face mask. Method: Sixteen hearing aid users were randomly split into four groups of four. Each group engaged in a free-form conversation in the presence of a 55 dBA background noise in each of four conditions. The four conditions were based on combinations of two variables: with versus without a remote microphone and wearing versus not wearing a face mask. The recordings of the conversations were analyzed to compare measures of speech production and conversational behavior across conditions. Results: Conversations with a remote microphone exhibited shorter average floor transfer offsets (FTOs) and longer conversation durations. In conversations where masks were worn, the average fundamental frequency produced by talkers was lower. A complex interaction was observed in the influence of remote microphone and face mask on the average length of connected utterances. Conclusions: Acoustic analysis of speech production and conversational behavior can be used to evaluate the benefit of hearing assistive technology. The observed differences in behavior when using a remote microphone are consistent with reduced listening effort. The differences observed when wearing a face mask are all consistent with increased resistance to airflow and the consequent effects on speech production rather than increased listening difficulty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Acoustical Analyses of Conversations Reveal Different Effects of Remote Microphones and Face Masks on Group Conversations by Aided Older Adults.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ellag%2C+Menatalla%22">Ellag, Menatalla</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qian%2C+Jinyu%22">Qian, Jinyu</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ishida%2C+Ieda%22">Ishida, Ieda</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Edgett%2C+L%2E+D%2E%22">Edgett, L. D.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pichora-Fuller%2C+M%2E+K%2E%22">Pichora-Fuller, M. K.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22MacDonald%2C+Ewen+N%2E%22">MacDonald, Ewen N.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> ewen.macdonald@uwaterloo.ca</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Sep2025, Vol. 68 Issue 9, p4460-4473. 14p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Conversation%22">Conversation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+evaluation%22">Speech evaluation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Noise%22">Noise</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hearing+aids%22">Hearing aids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+sampling%22">Statistical sampling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiological+aspects+of+speech%22">Physiological aspects of speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+masks%22">Medical masks</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analysis+of+variance%22">Analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transducers%22">Transducers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hard+of+hearing+people%22">Hard of hearing people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Time%22">Time</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Old+age%22">Old age</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Purpose: This study investigated if changes in speech and conversation behavior by aided individuals with hearing loss could be observed across conditions with versus without the use of a remote microphone while wearing and not wearing a face mask. Method: Sixteen hearing aid users were randomly split into four groups of four. Each group engaged in a free-form conversation in the presence of a 55 dBA background noise in each of four conditions. The four conditions were based on combinations of two variables: with versus without a remote microphone and wearing versus not wearing a face mask. The recordings of the conversations were analyzed to compare measures of speech production and conversational behavior across conditions. Results: Conversations with a remote microphone exhibited shorter average floor transfer offsets (FTOs) and longer conversation durations. In conversations where masks were worn, the average fundamental frequency produced by talkers was lower. A complex interaction was observed in the influence of remote microphone and face mask on the average length of connected utterances. Conclusions: Acoustic analysis of speech production and conversational behavior can be used to evaluate the benefit of hearing assistive technology. The observed differences in behavior when using a remote microphone are consistent with reduced listening effort. The differences observed when wearing a face mask are all consistent with increased resistance to airflow and the consequent effects on speech production rather than increased listening difficulty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=ehh&AN=187881699
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        Value: 10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00784
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 4460
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Conversation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Noise
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Hearing aids
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      – SubjectFull: Statistical sampling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Physiological aspects of speech
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      – SubjectFull: Medical masks
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      – SubjectFull: Analysis of variance
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      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Transducers
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      – SubjectFull: Hard of hearing people
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      – SubjectFull: Old age
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      – TitleFull: Acoustical Analyses of Conversations Reveal Different Effects of Remote Microphones and Face Masks on Group Conversations by Aided Older Adults.
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              Text: Sep2025
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