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School Privatization and Socio-Economic Segregation: An International Comparison of Effects on Student Global Competence Using PISA 2018.

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Title: School Privatization and Socio-Economic Segregation: An International Comparison of Effects on Student Global Competence Using PISA 2018.
Authors: Molina, Andres1, Cordoba, Beatriz Gallo1
Source: International Journal of Education Policy & Leadership. 2025, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p1-35. 35p.
Subject Terms: *School privatization, *Comparative studies, *Private education, Segregation, Cultural competence, Multilevel models, Income inequality
Abstract (English): School systems worldwide struggle with socio-economic segregation, often worsened by private schooling, which affects student learning and inequality. By dividing students along socioeconomic lines, both private schools and segregation can affect the development of essential skills for the twenty-first century. This study examines the link between private schooling, social segregation, and student global competence across 69 countries using PISA 2018 data. Multilevel models are used to estimate levels of social segregation and the association with private schooling and variations in student global competence between schools. While private school students tend to have higher global competence, countries with greater private enrolment exhibit lower average global competence, higher segregation, and wider global competence gaps between schools. Social segregation, driven by private schooling, is a key factor to explain global competence inequalities within countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (French): Partout dans le monde, les système scolaires manifestent une ségrégation socioéconomique qu'aggrave souvent l'enseignement privé, lequel a un impact sur l'apprentissage des étudiants et les inégalités entre ceux-ci. En effet, en creusant l'écart socioéconomique entre les étudiants, les écoles privées et la ségrégation peuvent toutes les deux enfreindre au développement d'habiletés essentielles au 21ème siècle. Cet étude utilise les données de PISA 2018 afin d'examiner les rapports entre l'enseigne-ment privé, la ségrégation sociale, et les compétences globales d'étudiants dans 69 pays. Elle utilise un modèle multiniveaux pour estimer l'ampleur de la ségrégation sociale et son rapport à l'enseignement privé et aux variations dans les compétences globales parmi les étudiants d'une école à l'autre. Bien que les étudiants d'écoles privées tendent à montrer une compétence globale plus élevée, les pays ayant davantage d'étudiants dans le privé manifestent une compétence globale moyenne plus basse, une ségrégation plus élevée, et des écarts de compétence globale plus larges entre les écoles. La ségrégation sociale, aggravée par l'enseignement privé, est un facteur clé pour expliquer les inégalités en compétence globale entre pays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Education Policy & Leadership is the property of International Journal of Education Policy & Leadership (Center for Education Policy) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: School Privatization and Socio-Economic Segregation: An International Comparison of Effects on Student Global Competence Using PISA 2018.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Molina%2C+Andres%22">Molina, Andres</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cordoba%2C+Beatriz+Gallo%22">Cordoba, Beatriz Gallo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Education+Policy+%26+Leadership%22">International Journal of Education Policy & Leadership</searchLink>. 2025, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p1-35. 35p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+privatization%22">School privatization</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Private+education%22">Private education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Segregation%22">Segregation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cultural+competence%22">Cultural competence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multilevel+models%22">Multilevel models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Income+inequality%22">Income inequality</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (English)
  Group: Ab
  Data: School systems worldwide struggle with socio-economic segregation, often worsened by private schooling, which affects student learning and inequality. By dividing students along socioeconomic lines, both private schools and segregation can affect the development of essential skills for the twenty-first century. This study examines the link between private schooling, social segregation, and student global competence across 69 countries using PISA 2018 data. Multilevel models are used to estimate levels of social segregation and the association with private schooling and variations in student global competence between schools. While private school students tend to have higher global competence, countries with greater private enrolment exhibit lower average global competence, higher segregation, and wider global competence gaps between schools. Social segregation, driven by private schooling, is a key factor to explain global competence inequalities within countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (French)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Partout dans le monde, les système scolaires manifestent une ségrégation socioéconomique qu'aggrave souvent l'enseignement privé, lequel a un impact sur l'apprentissage des étudiants et les inégalités entre ceux-ci. En effet, en creusant l'écart socioéconomique entre les étudiants, les écoles privées et la ségrégation peuvent toutes les deux enfreindre au développement d'habiletés essentielles au 21ème siècle. Cet étude utilise les données de PISA 2018 afin d'examiner les rapports entre l'enseigne-ment privé, la ségrégation sociale, et les compétences globales d'étudiants dans 69 pays. Elle utilise un modèle multiniveaux pour estimer l'ampleur de la ségrégation sociale et son rapport à l'enseignement privé et aux variations dans les compétences globales parmi les étudiants d'une école à l'autre. Bien que les étudiants d'écoles privées tendent à montrer une compétence globale plus élevée, les pays ayant davantage d'étudiants dans le privé manifestent une compétence globale moyenne plus basse, une ségrégation plus élevée, et des écarts de compétence globale plus larges entre les écoles. La ségrégation sociale, aggravée par l'enseignement privé, est un facteur clé pour expliquer les inégalités en compétence globale entre pays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Education Policy & Leadership is the property of International Journal of Education Policy & Leadership (Center for Education Policy) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.22230/ijepl.2025v21n2a1471
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      – SubjectFull: School privatization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Private education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Segregation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cultural competence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multilevel models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Income inequality
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      – TitleFull: School Privatization and Socio-Economic Segregation: An International Comparison of Effects on Student Global Competence Using PISA 2018.
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              Text: 2025
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