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Interpretation Interrupted: Effects of COVID-19 Mitigation Efforts on Visitor Perceptions of Interpersonal Programs.

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Title: Interpretation Interrupted: Effects of COVID-19 Mitigation Efforts on Visitor Perceptions of Interpersonal Programs.
Authors: Wynveen, Christopher J.1 (AUTHOR) chris_wynveen@baylor.edu, McMahan, Kelli K.1 (AUTHOR), Wynveen, Brooklynn J.2 (AUTHOR), Connally, W Dale1 (AUTHOR), Lee, Katherine M.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Interpretation Research. Nov2025, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p222-239. 18p.
Subject Terms: *Client satisfaction, *Field research, COVID-19, Traveler attitudes, Community-based programs
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting disease spread mitigation protocols afforded a unique opportunity (i.e., a "natural experiment") to study the impact of the interruption of in-person interpretation on the visitor experience. Using data collected for a previously scheduled visitor use study at Waco Mammoth National Monument during 2021–2022, we investigated how the interruption in some interpersonal interpretive services impacted visitors' perception of the quality of interpretation and the resulting overall visitor satisfaction levels. Results indicated that while some interpretation quality indicators were negatively affected by the interruption of some interpretation programs, overall visit satisfaction was not. The data also indicated that the interruption in interpretation was associated with a change in visitors' activity preferences during future visits to the monument. The findings reinforce the importance of in-person interpretation and provide insight into how managers can approach the next event that impacts how interpretive services are delivered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Interpretation Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Interpretation Interrupted: Effects of COVID-19 Mitigation Efforts on Visitor Perceptions of Interpersonal Programs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wynveen%2C+Christopher+J%2E%22">Wynveen, Christopher J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> chris_wynveen@baylor.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McMahan%2C+Kelli+K%2E%22">McMahan, Kelli K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wynveen%2C+Brooklynn+J%2E%22">Wynveen, Brooklynn J.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Connally%2C+W+Dale%22">Connally, W Dale</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lee%2C+Katherine+M%2E%22">Lee, Katherine M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Interpretation+Research%22">Journal of Interpretation Research</searchLink>. Nov2025, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p222-239. 18p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Client+satisfaction%22">Client satisfaction</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Field+research%22">Field research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19%22">COVID-19</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Traveler+attitudes%22">Traveler attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Community-based+programs%22">Community-based programs</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting disease spread mitigation protocols afforded a unique opportunity (i.e., a "natural experiment") to study the impact of the interruption of in-person interpretation on the visitor experience. Using data collected for a previously scheduled visitor use study at Waco Mammoth National Monument during 2021–2022, we investigated how the interruption in some interpersonal interpretive services impacted visitors' perception of the quality of interpretation and the resulting overall visitor satisfaction levels. Results indicated that while some interpretation quality indicators were negatively affected by the interruption of some interpretation programs, overall visit satisfaction was not. The data also indicated that the interruption in interpretation was associated with a change in visitors' activity preferences during future visits to the monument. The findings reinforce the importance of in-person interpretation and provide insight into how managers can approach the next event that impacts how interpretive services are delivered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Interpretation Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1177/10925872251355340
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        Text: English
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      – TitleFull: Interpretation Interrupted: Effects of COVID-19 Mitigation Efforts on Visitor Perceptions of Interpersonal Programs.
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              Text: Nov2025
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