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The Role of Goals, Outcome Expectations, and Normative Beliefs in the Occurrence of Aggressive Behavior in Children and Adolescents.

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Title: The Role of Goals, Outcome Expectations, and Normative Beliefs in the Occurrence of Aggressive Behavior in Children and Adolescents.
Authors: Matthys, Walter1 (AUTHOR) w.matthys@uu.nl, Schutter, Dennis J. L. G.2 (AUTHOR) d.j.l.g.schutter@uu.nl
Source: Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review. Sep2025, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p541-554. 14p.
Subject Terms: *Aggression (Psychology), *Goal (Psychology), *Social norms, *School children, *Cognitive therapy, *Teenagers, *Expectation (Psychology), Social cognitive theory
Abstract: Goals, outcome expectations, and normative beliefs constitute schemas which are thought to affect social information processing and behavior. The aim of this review is to enhance the theoretical framework that elucidates the role of schemas in the occurrence of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents. Empirical and meta-analytic studies on goals, outcome expectations, and normative beliefs in children and adolescents with aggressive behavior are first discussed. Next, areas for future research are specified, in particular the mechanisms involved in the relation between social experiences, schemas, social information processing, and aggressive behavior. According to extant research, we suggest that schemas help elucidate the impact of aggressive children's and adolescents' social experiences on their social information processing and, ultimately, their behavior. Therefore, we consider how schemas can be integrated in cognitive behavioral therapy with the objective of achieving long-term changes in adaptive social behavior among children and adolescents with aggressive behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The Role of Goals, Outcome Expectations, and Normative Beliefs in the Occurrence of Aggressive Behavior in Children and Adolescents.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Clinical+Child+%26+Family+Psychology+Review%22">Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review</searchLink>. Sep2025, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p541-554. 14p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aggression+%28Psychology%29%22">Aggression (Psychology)</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Goal+%28Psychology%29%22">Goal (Psychology)</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+norms%22">Social norms</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+children%22">School children</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+therapy%22">Cognitive therapy</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teenagers%22">Teenagers</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Expectation+%28Psychology%29%22">Expectation (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+cognitive+theory%22">Social cognitive theory</searchLink>
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  Data: Goals, outcome expectations, and normative beliefs constitute schemas which are thought to affect social information processing and behavior. The aim of this review is to enhance the theoretical framework that elucidates the role of schemas in the occurrence of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents. Empirical and meta-analytic studies on goals, outcome expectations, and normative beliefs in children and adolescents with aggressive behavior are first discussed. Next, areas for future research are specified, in particular the mechanisms involved in the relation between social experiences, schemas, social information processing, and aggressive behavior. According to extant research, we suggest that schemas help elucidate the impact of aggressive children's and adolescents' social experiences on their social information processing and, ultimately, their behavior. Therefore, we consider how schemas can be integrated in cognitive behavioral therapy with the objective of achieving long-term changes in adaptive social behavior among children and adolescents with aggressive behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10567-025-00529-3
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Social norms
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              Text: Sep2025
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