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Characterizing Guillain-Barré Risk Factors Among Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries.

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Title: Characterizing Guillain-Barré Risk Factors Among Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries.
Authors: Wright, Brad1 (AUTHOR) brad_wright@sc.edu, Eiffert, Samantha R.2 (AUTHOR), Cirincione, Abagail1 (AUTHOR), Howard, James F.3 (AUTHOR), Nardin, Joshua3 (AUTHOR), Traub, Rebecca E.3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Inquiry (00469580). 12/4/2025, Vol. 62, p1-7. 7p.
Subject Terms: *Retrospective studies, *Comparative studies, *Algorithms, Risk assessment, Poisson distribution, Managed care programs, Research funding, Health insurance reimbursement, Medicare, Fee for service (Medical fees), Guillain-Barré syndrome, Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Odds ratio, Medical records, Acquisition of data, Case-control method, Regression analysis, Medical care costs, Disease risk factors
Abstract: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a rare and potentially life-threatening autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nerves. We sought to identify demographic and clinical characteristics associated with GBS onset. In this retrospective case-control study, we used national 2005 to 2020 fee-for-service Medicare claims data to identify beneficiaries with incident GBS using a chart-validated algorithm (N = 16 280), matched 1:1 with non-GBS controls (N = 16 280) by age, sex, race/ethnicity, number of preventive care visits, and year of diagnosis. We then used 2 separate modified Poisson regressions to model GBS onset as a function of preceding (≤42 days) and preexisting (>42 days) clinical conditions, while further adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, disability status, rurality of residence, and year of diagnosis. Preexisting conditions associated with GBS included disorders of lipid metabolism (aOR(approx.) = 1.04, P =.03) and intestinal infection (aOR(approx.) = 1.05, P =.03). Preceding conditions associated with GBS included disorders of lipid metabolism (aOR(approx.) = 1.05, P =.01), delirium, dementia, and amnestic and other cognitive disorders (aOR(approx.) = 1.14, P =.0004), and chronic ulcer of skin (aOR(approx.) = 1.07, P =.01). In both models, GBS is positively associated with Medicare-Medicaid dual eligibility and disability status. Our hypothesis-generating findings suggest areas for further study into the mechanisms underlying GBS, raise interesting questions around the role of socioeconomic and structural factors in GBS, and demonstrate the potential of using claims data to study rare conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Inquiry (00469580) is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Characterizing Guillain-Barré Risk Factors Among Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wright%2C+Brad%22">Wright, Brad</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> brad_wright@sc.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eiffert%2C+Samantha+R%2E%22">Eiffert, Samantha R.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cirincione%2C+Abagail%22">Cirincione, Abagail</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Howard%2C+James+F%2E%22">Howard, James F.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nardin%2C+Joshua%22">Nardin, Joshua</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Traub%2C+Rebecca+E%2E%22">Traub, Rebecca E.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Inquiry+%2800469580%29%22">Inquiry (00469580)</searchLink>. 12/4/2025, Vol. 62, p1-7. 7p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retrospective+studies%22">Retrospective studies</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Algorithms%22">Algorithms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk+assessment%22">Risk assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Poisson+distribution%22">Poisson distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Managed+care+programs%22">Managed care programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+insurance+reimbursement%22">Health insurance reimbursement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medicare%22">Medicare</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fee+for+service+%28Medical+fees%29%22">Fee for service (Medical fees)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Guillain-Barré+syndrome%22">Guillain-Barré syndrome</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chi-squared+test%22">Chi-squared test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Odds+ratio%22">Odds ratio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+records%22">Medical records</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acquisition+of+data%22">Acquisition of data</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Case-control+method%22">Case-control method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regression+analysis%22">Regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+care+costs%22">Medical care costs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+risk+factors%22">Disease risk factors</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a rare and potentially life-threatening autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nerves. We sought to identify demographic and clinical characteristics associated with GBS onset. In this retrospective case-control study, we used national 2005 to 2020 fee-for-service Medicare claims data to identify beneficiaries with incident GBS using a chart-validated algorithm (N = 16 280), matched 1:1 with non-GBS controls (N = 16 280) by age, sex, race/ethnicity, number of preventive care visits, and year of diagnosis. We then used 2 separate modified Poisson regressions to model GBS onset as a function of preceding (≤42 days) and preexisting (>42 days) clinical conditions, while further adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, disability status, rurality of residence, and year of diagnosis. Preexisting conditions associated with GBS included disorders of lipid metabolism (aOR(approx.) = 1.04, P =.03) and intestinal infection (aOR(approx.) = 1.05, P =.03). Preceding conditions associated with GBS included disorders of lipid metabolism (aOR(approx.) = 1.05, P =.01), delirium, dementia, and amnestic and other cognitive disorders (aOR(approx.) = 1.14, P =.0004), and chronic ulcer of skin (aOR(approx.) = 1.07, P =.01). In both models, GBS is positively associated with Medicare-Medicaid dual eligibility and disability status. Our hypothesis-generating findings suggest areas for further study into the mechanisms underlying GBS, raise interesting questions around the role of socioeconomic and structural factors in GBS, and demonstrate the potential of using claims data to study rare conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Inquiry (00469580) is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1177/00469580251400659
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
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      – SubjectFull: Retrospective studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Algorithms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Poisson distribution
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      – SubjectFull: Managed care programs
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Medicare
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      – SubjectFull: Guillain-Barré syndrome
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      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
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      – SubjectFull: Odds ratio
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      – SubjectFull: Disease risk factors
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      – TitleFull: Characterizing Guillain-Barré Risk Factors Among Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries.
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              Text: 12/4/2025
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