Listener Ratings of Stuttering: Evaluating Two Auditory-Perceptual Scales.
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| Title: | Listener Ratings of Stuttering: Evaluating Two Auditory-Perceptual Scales. |
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| Authors: | Johnson, Allison1, Bullen, Anja1, Sokolov, Sima1, Eadie, Tanya1, Kokaly, Melissa1, Cler, Gabriel J.1 gcler@uw.edu |
| Source: | Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Jan2026, Vol. 69 Issue 1, p108-122. 15p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Research methodology evaluation, *Stuttering, *Speech evaluation, *Research methodology, *Auditory perception, *Speech perception, *Inter-observer reliability, *Evaluation, Multitrait multimethod techniques, Research funding, Research evaluation, Severity of illness index, Descriptive statistics, Physiological aspects of speech, Analysis of variance, Data analysis software |
| Abstract: | Purpose: Stuttering is a motor speech difference characterized by a disruption in the fluency, timing, and rhythm of speech. There is a lack of agreement on how to reliably and efficiently assess stuttering in research and the clinic. This study aims to compare the validity and reliability of two types of auditory-perceptual scales, direct magnitude estimation and equal-appearing interval scales, on assessing stuttering in adult speakers. Method: Two experiments compared unfamiliar listener ratings of speech samples from adults who stutter. Raters used one of two different rating scales to determine the construct validity and reliability of scaling procedures for capturing stuttering. The two experiments varied by the number and duration of samples (set number of syllables vs. set duration) and by the training given to participants (defining stuttering severity vs. allowing participants to define severity themselves). Results: Both experiments demonstrated the appropriateness of both scales for rating stuttering. Conclusions: Contrary to earlier studies, our findings indicated that a 7-point equal-appearing interval scale validly captured unfamiliar listeners' perception of stuttering severity. Future study is needed to determine the number of raters needed to provide stable ratings as well as the utility of average or single ratings to capture clinically relevant change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Education Research Complete |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: ehh DbLabel: Education Research Complete An: 190839088 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Listener Ratings of Stuttering: Evaluating Two Auditory-Perceptual Scales. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Johnson%2C+Allison%22">Johnson, Allison</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bullen%2C+Anja%22">Bullen, Anja</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sokolov%2C+Sima%22">Sokolov, Sima</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eadie%2C+Tanya%22">Eadie, Tanya</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kokaly%2C+Melissa%22">Kokaly, Melissa</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cler%2C+Gabriel+J%2E%22">Cler, Gabriel J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> gcler@uw.edu</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 69 Issue 1, p108-122. 15p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology+evaluation%22">Research methodology evaluation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stuttering%22">Stuttering</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+evaluation%22">Speech evaluation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Auditory+perception%22">Auditory perception</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+perception%22">Speech perception</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Inter-observer+reliability%22">Inter-observer reliability</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evaluation%22">Evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multitrait+multimethod+techniques%22">Multitrait multimethod techniques</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+evaluation%22">Research evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Severity+of+illness+index%22">Severity of illness index</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiological+aspects+of+speech%22">Physiological aspects of speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analysis+of+variance%22">Analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Purpose: Stuttering is a motor speech difference characterized by a disruption in the fluency, timing, and rhythm of speech. There is a lack of agreement on how to reliably and efficiently assess stuttering in research and the clinic. This study aims to compare the validity and reliability of two types of auditory-perceptual scales, direct magnitude estimation and equal-appearing interval scales, on assessing stuttering in adult speakers. Method: Two experiments compared unfamiliar listener ratings of speech samples from adults who stutter. Raters used one of two different rating scales to determine the construct validity and reliability of scaling procedures for capturing stuttering. The two experiments varied by the number and duration of samples (set number of syllables vs. set duration) and by the training given to participants (defining stuttering severity vs. allowing participants to define severity themselves). Results: Both experiments demonstrated the appropriateness of both scales for rating stuttering. Conclusions: Contrary to earlier studies, our findings indicated that a 7-point equal-appearing interval scale validly captured unfamiliar listeners' perception of stuttering severity. Future study is needed to determine the number of raters needed to provide stable ratings as well as the utility of average or single ratings to capture clinically relevant change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=ehh&AN=190839088 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1044/2025_JSLHR-25-00109 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 15 StartPage: 108 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Research methodology evaluation Type: general – SubjectFull: Stuttering Type: general – SubjectFull: Speech evaluation Type: general – SubjectFull: Research methodology Type: general – SubjectFull: Auditory perception Type: general – SubjectFull: Speech perception Type: general – SubjectFull: Inter-observer reliability Type: general – SubjectFull: Evaluation Type: general – SubjectFull: Multitrait multimethod techniques Type: general – SubjectFull: Research funding Type: general – SubjectFull: Research evaluation Type: general – SubjectFull: Severity of illness index Type: general – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics Type: general – SubjectFull: Physiological aspects of speech Type: general – SubjectFull: Analysis of variance Type: general – SubjectFull: Data analysis software Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Listener Ratings of Stuttering: Evaluating Two Auditory-Perceptual Scales. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Johnson, Allison – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bullen, Anja – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sokolov, Sima – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Eadie, Tanya – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kokaly, Melissa – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cler, Gabriel J. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 01 Text: Jan2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 10924388 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 69 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research Type: main |
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