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Articulatory and Laryngeal Auditory-Motor Control Are Independent in Tonal Language Speakers.

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Title: Articulatory and Laryngeal Auditory-Motor Control Are Independent in Tonal Language Speakers.
Authors: Tang, Ding-Lan1 dltang@hku.hk, Xie, Xinran1, Karlin, Robin2 rkarlin@health.missouri.edu
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Mar2026, Vol. 69 Issue 3, p906-919. 14p.
Subject Terms: *Language & languages, *Statistical correlation, *Experimental design, *Speech evaluation, *Research, *Comparative studies, Laryngeal physiology, Vowels, Research funding, Physiological adaptation, Musical perception, Descriptive statistics, Physiological aspects of speech, Sound recordings, English language, Data analysis software, Musical pitch
Geographic Terms: Hong Kong (China)
Abstract: Purpose: Speech production relies on both the articulatory and laryngeal subsystems. Previous studies on nontonal languages have shown that reflexive and adaptive responses to formant (articulatory parameter) perturbations differ from responses to pitch (or the fundamental frequency [fo], laryngeal parameter) perturbations, indicating that the articulatory and laryngeal subsystems rely on separate auditory-motor control mechanisms. However, in nontonal languages, formant differences generate lexical distinctions, while laryngeal parameters do not. Thus, it is unclear whether differences between responses to formant and fo perturbations stem from different linguistic status or distinct auditory-motor control mechanisms. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between articulatory and laryngeal auditory-motor control in native speakers of Cantonese, a tonal language where both formants and fo differences alter word meaning. Method: Adaptive and reflexive responses were measured in 20 native Cantonese-speaking women when receiving predictable and unpredictable auditory perturbations of the first formant (F1) and fo. Results: Similar to nontonal language speakers, no significant correlations were found between F1 and fo adaptive responses or F1 and fo reflexive responses in Cantonese speakers. We also investigated whether pitch adaptation is achieved by feedforward control incorporating the online feedback reflex and found a significant correlation between reflexive and adaptive responses during fo perturbation. Conclusion: The combined findings provide support for independent auditory-motor control mechanisms for articulatory and laryngeal subsystems in tonal language speakers, highlighting the need to study and model articulatory and laryngeal subsystems separately for a more comprehensive understanding of speech motor control. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.31245436 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Articulatory and Laryngeal Auditory-Motor Control Are Independent in Tonal Language Speakers.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tang%2C+Ding-Lan%22">Tang, Ding-Lan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> dltang@hku.hk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xie%2C+Xinran%22">Xie, Xinran</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karlin%2C+Robin%22">Karlin, Robin</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> rkarlin@health.missouri.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 69 Issue 3, p906-919. 14p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+%26+languages%22">Language & languages</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+correlation%22">Statistical correlation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Experimental+design%22">Experimental design</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+evaluation%22">Speech evaluation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research%22">Research</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laryngeal+physiology%22">Laryngeal physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vowels%22">Vowels</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiological+adaptation%22">Physiological adaptation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Musical+perception%22">Musical perception</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiological+aspects+of+speech%22">Physiological aspects of speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sound+recordings%22">Sound recordings</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22English+language%22">English language</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Musical+pitch%22">Musical pitch</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hong+Kong+%28China%29%22">Hong Kong (China)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Purpose: Speech production relies on both the articulatory and laryngeal subsystems. Previous studies on nontonal languages have shown that reflexive and adaptive responses to formant (articulatory parameter) perturbations differ from responses to pitch (or the fundamental frequency [fo], laryngeal parameter) perturbations, indicating that the articulatory and laryngeal subsystems rely on separate auditory-motor control mechanisms. However, in nontonal languages, formant differences generate lexical distinctions, while laryngeal parameters do not. Thus, it is unclear whether differences between responses to formant and fo perturbations stem from different linguistic status or distinct auditory-motor control mechanisms. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between articulatory and laryngeal auditory-motor control in native speakers of Cantonese, a tonal language where both formants and fo differences alter word meaning. Method: Adaptive and reflexive responses were measured in 20 native Cantonese-speaking women when receiving predictable and unpredictable auditory perturbations of the first formant (F1) and fo. Results: Similar to nontonal language speakers, no significant correlations were found between F1 and fo adaptive responses or F1 and fo reflexive responses in Cantonese speakers. We also investigated whether pitch adaptation is achieved by feedforward control incorporating the online feedback reflex and found a significant correlation between reflexive and adaptive responses during fo perturbation. Conclusion: The combined findings provide support for independent auditory-motor control mechanisms for articulatory and laryngeal subsystems in tonal language speakers, highlighting the need to study and model articulatory and laryngeal subsystems separately for a more comprehensive understanding of speech motor control. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.31245436 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=ehh&AN=192310455
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        Value: 10.1044/2025_JSLHR-25-00344
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Language & languages
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Experimental design
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      – SubjectFull: Speech evaluation
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      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
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      – SubjectFull: Laryngeal physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vowels
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Physiological aspects of speech
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      – SubjectFull: Musical pitch
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      – SubjectFull: Hong Kong (China)
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      – TitleFull: Articulatory and Laryngeal Auditory-Motor Control Are Independent in Tonal Language Speakers.
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            NameFull: Tang, Ding-Lan
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              Text: Mar2026
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