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Neural correlates of conversational feedback.

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Title: Neural correlates of conversational feedback.
Authors: Blache, Philippe1,2 (AUTHOR) blache@ilcb.fr, Bolger, Deirdre2 (AUTHOR), Besson, Mireille2,3 (AUTHOR), Boudin, Auriane1,2 (AUTHOR), Bertrand, Roxane1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Language, Cognition & Neuroscience. Apr2026, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p293-318. 26p.
Subject Terms: *Language & languages, *Neurophysiology, *Attention, *Communication, *Cognition, *Thought & thinking, Brain physiology, Speech, Statistical significance, Electroencephalography, Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology), Descriptive statistics, Physician-patient relations, Semantics, Data analysis software, Brain mapping, User interfaces
Abstract: This paper explores the brain correlates of conversational feedback (FB) in human-human and human-agent interactions, focussing on its impact on discourse and processing at semantic and pragmatic levels. The study investigates how FB, produced either congruously or incongruously, influences brain activity (EEG) during interactions between a doctor (the main speaker) and a patient (the listener). The results show that FB incongruity does not elicit an N400 response in either human-human or human-agent interactions. Instead, a P600 component emerges, especially in human-human interactions. This pattern aligns with the mechanism underlying the semantic P600 characterised by the absence of an N400 and the presence of a P600, here attributed to the dominant role of FB's pragmatic dimension. Additionally, the study identifies a P200 component in human-agent interactions, which is stronger for congruous FB, indicating high predictability in agent-produced feedback due to the unique and prototypical form of feedback generated for the agent. The findings highlight that FB's processing is more linked to activation at the pragmatic level than to semantic content. The study also suggests that variability in feedback, particularly in human-human interactions, should be addressed in future research on feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Language, Cognition & Neuroscience is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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DbLabel: Education Research Complete
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Neural correlates of conversational feedback.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Language%2C+Cognition+%26+Neuroscience%22">Language, Cognition & Neuroscience</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p293-318. 26p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+%26+languages%22">Language & languages</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neurophysiology%22">Neurophysiology</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attention%22">Attention</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Communication%22">Communication</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition%22">Cognition</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thought+%26+thinking%22">Thought & thinking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+physiology%22">Brain physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech%22">Speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+significance%22">Statistical significance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electroencephalography%22">Electroencephalography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evoked+potentials+%28Electrophysiology%29%22">Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physician-patient+relations%22">Physician-patient relations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Semantics%22">Semantics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+mapping%22">Brain mapping</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22User+interfaces%22">User interfaces</searchLink>
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  Data: This paper explores the brain correlates of conversational feedback (FB) in human-human and human-agent interactions, focussing on its impact on discourse and processing at semantic and pragmatic levels. The study investigates how FB, produced either congruously or incongruously, influences brain activity (EEG) during interactions between a doctor (the main speaker) and a patient (the listener). The results show that FB incongruity does not elicit an N400 response in either human-human or human-agent interactions. Instead, a P600 component emerges, especially in human-human interactions. This pattern aligns with the mechanism underlying the semantic P600 characterised by the absence of an N400 and the presence of a P600, here attributed to the dominant role of FB's pragmatic dimension. Additionally, the study identifies a P200 component in human-agent interactions, which is stronger for congruous FB, indicating high predictability in agent-produced feedback due to the unique and prototypical form of feedback generated for the agent. The findings highlight that FB's processing is more linked to activation at the pragmatic level than to semantic content. The study also suggests that variability in feedback, particularly in human-human interactions, should be addressed in future research on feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Language, Cognition & Neuroscience is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1080/23273798.2026.2617245
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 26
        StartPage: 293
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Language & languages
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neurophysiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attention
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      – SubjectFull: Brain physiology
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      – SubjectFull: Speech
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      – SubjectFull: Statistical significance
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      – SubjectFull: Electroencephalography
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      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Brain mapping
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      – SubjectFull: User interfaces
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      – TitleFull: Neural correlates of conversational feedback.
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              Text: Apr2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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