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Integrating E-Comics and ProblemBased Learning (PBL) to Foster HigherOrder Thinking Skills in Elementary Students.

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Title: Integrating E-Comics and ProblemBased Learning (PBL) to Foster HigherOrder Thinking Skills in Elementary Students.
Authors: Ismiyanto, Mazwar1 q300230015@student.ums.ac.id, Anif, Sofyan2 sa163@ums.ac.id, Muhibbin, Ahmad3 am215@ums.ac.id
Source: International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education. Mar2026, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p407-417. 11p.
Subject Terms: *Problem-based learning, *Critical thinking, *Teaching aids, *Creative ability, *Elementary education, *Problem solving, Webcomics
Geographic Terms: Indonesia
Abstract: The demands of 21st-century education necessitate that students develop Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) to thrive in a dynamic and complex digital era. Nevertheless, elementary-level instruction frequently remains dominated by conventional approaches that inadequately foster critical, creative, and problem-solving competencies. Technology-based learning innovations offer a promising solution, particularly through the integration of E-Comics with Problem-Based Learning (PBL). This study examines the effectiveness of combining E-Comics and PBL to enhance higher-order thinking skills among elementary school students. A quasi-experimental design was employed, utilizing both control and experimental groups. Participants comprised fifth-grade students from two elementary schools in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Research instruments included HOTS-aligned assessments and structured classroom observation sheets. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential t-tests. Results demonstrated that the experimental group, taught using the E-Comic-PBL integration, exhibited a statistically significant improvement (p<0.05) in higher-order thinking skills compared to the control group. These findings indicate that integrating interactive digital media such as E-Comics with PBL can serve as an innovative strategy to cultivate students’ critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving abilities. Pedagogical implications and recommendations for further research are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education is the property of International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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  Data: Integrating E-Comics and ProblemBased Learning (PBL) to Foster HigherOrder Thinking Skills in Elementary Students.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22International+Electronic+Journal+of+Elementary+Education%22&quot;&gt;International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Mar2026, Vol. 18 Issue 3, p407-417. 11p.
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  Data: The demands of 21st-century education necessitate that students develop Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) to thrive in a dynamic and complex digital era. Nevertheless, elementary-level instruction frequently remains dominated by conventional approaches that inadequately foster critical, creative, and problem-solving competencies. Technology-based learning innovations offer a promising solution, particularly through the integration of E-Comics with Problem-Based Learning (PBL). This study examines the effectiveness of combining E-Comics and PBL to enhance higher-order thinking skills among elementary school students. A quasi-experimental design was employed, utilizing both control and experimental groups. Participants comprised fifth-grade students from two elementary schools in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Research instruments included HOTS-aligned assessments and structured classroom observation sheets. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential t-tests. Results demonstrated that the experimental group, taught using the E-Comic-PBL integration, exhibited a statistically significant improvement (p&lt;0.05) in higher-order thinking skills compared to the control group. These findings indicate that integrating interactive digital media such as E-Comics with PBL can serve as an innovative strategy to cultivate students’ critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving abilities. Pedagogical implications and recommendations for further research are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education is the property of International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 407
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      – SubjectFull: Problem-based learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Critical thinking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teaching aids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Creative ability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elementary education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Problem solving
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      – SubjectFull: Webcomics
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      – SubjectFull: Indonesia
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Integrating E-Comics and ProblemBased Learning (PBL) to Foster HigherOrder Thinking Skills in Elementary Students.
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            NameFull: Ismiyanto, Mazwar
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            NameFull: Anif, Sofyan
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            – D: 15
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education
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