Fostering complex historical understandings: a study of Estonian pupils' epistemic cognition and learning experiences.

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Title: Fostering complex historical understandings: a study of Estonian pupils' epistemic cognition and learning experiences.
Authors: Kaarlõp, Hanna-Liis1,2 (AUTHOR) hlkaar@tlu.ee, Jõgi, A.-L.2 (AUTHOR), Poom-Valickis, K.2 (AUTHOR), Oja, M.3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Curriculum Studies. Jun2026, Vol. 58 Issue 3, p512-533. 22p.
Subject Terms: *Metacognition, *Dialogic teaching, *History education, *Teaching methods, *Theory of knowledge, Community-based participatory research, Historical literacy, Socioeconomic factors
Abstract: Background: In the context of geopolitical uncertainty and knowledge fragmentation, this study examines how Estonian pupils in Grades 9 and 11 perceive the nature of historical knowledge and what makes history learning meaningful to them. Purpose of the study: To analyze how pupils' epistemic beliefs and learning experiences correlate with teachers' instructional practices, and whether age, gender, and socioeconomic background are influential in this regard. Methodology: The study was part of an 18-month participatory action research project. Data were collected from 194 pupils and linked to a typology of their teachers' pedagogical approaches. The findings: Teachers who facilitated pupils' historical thinking, metacognitive skills, and critical reflection on prior knowledge in a democratic classroom climate were likely to foster meaningful learning experiences. However, there was no significant correlation between teaching practices and pupils' epistemic beliefs. Conclusions and implications: The fact that meaningful history learning experiences were predominantly observed in classes where teachers supported pupils' metacognitive skills, used dialogic teaching methods, and encouraged active participation in learning, underscores the necessity of engagement with content both within and beyond the classroom. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of integrating multiple knowledge systems into history education to foster a reflective and complex historical understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Curriculum Studies is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Fostering complex historical understandings: a study of Estonian pupils' epistemic cognition and learning experiences.
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  Data: Background: In the context of geopolitical uncertainty and knowledge fragmentation, this study examines how Estonian pupils in Grades 9 and 11 perceive the nature of historical knowledge and what makes history learning meaningful to them. Purpose of the study: To analyze how pupils' epistemic beliefs and learning experiences correlate with teachers' instructional practices, and whether age, gender, and socioeconomic background are influential in this regard. Methodology: The study was part of an 18-month participatory action research project. Data were collected from 194 pupils and linked to a typology of their teachers' pedagogical approaches. The findings: Teachers who facilitated pupils' historical thinking, metacognitive skills, and critical reflection on prior knowledge in a democratic classroom climate were likely to foster meaningful learning experiences. However, there was no significant correlation between teaching practices and pupils' epistemic beliefs. Conclusions and implications: The fact that meaningful history learning experiences were predominantly observed in classes where teachers supported pupils' metacognitive skills, used dialogic teaching methods, and encouraged active participation in learning, underscores the necessity of engagement with content both within and beyond the classroom. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of integrating multiple knowledge systems into history education to foster a reflective and complex historical understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Curriculum Studies is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/00220272.2025.2496462
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Metacognition
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      – SubjectFull: History education
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      – SubjectFull: Community-based participatory research
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      – SubjectFull: Historical literacy
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      – SubjectFull: Socioeconomic factors
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      – TitleFull: Fostering complex historical understandings: a study of Estonian pupils' epistemic cognition and learning experiences.
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            NameFull: Kaarlõp, Hanna-Liis
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
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              Y: 2026
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