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Small-Scale Randomized Trial of Spatial Listening Training in Children With Listening Difficulties.

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Title: Small-Scale Randomized Trial of Spatial Listening Training in Children With Listening Difficulties.
Authors: Nagaraj, Naveen K.1, Magimairaj, Beula M.2 Beula.Magimairaj@cchmc.org
Source: Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups. Jun2026, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p796-807. 12p.
Subject Terms: *Data analysis, *Audiometry, *Caregivers, *Speech perception, *Comparative studies, *Psychological tests, *Children, Psychology of children with disabilities, Word deafness, Noise, T-test (Statistics), Task performance, Research funding, Rehabilitation, Statistical sampling, Questionnaires, Rehabilitation of children with disabilities, Treatment effectiveness, Randomized controlled trials, Descriptive statistics, Statistics, Statistical reliability, Data analysis software, Space perception, Hard of hearing people
Abstract: Background: We assessed the efficacy of spatial listening training in children with listening difficulties (LiDs) given limited research in this area of high clinical significance. Method: Twenty children (7-11.11 years) with LiD who passed hearing and nonverbal IQ screening participated. The Evaluation of Children's Listening and Processing Skills (ECLiPS) questionnaire was used to quantify LiD. Children with LiD were randomly assigned to intervention or control. Intervention included Sound Storm spatialized listening in noise training (previously known as LiSN & Learn). Outcomes were the Bamford-Kowal-Bench Speech-in-Noise (BKB-SIN) test and the Listening in Spatialized Noise-Sentences (LiSN-S) test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in ECLiPS standard scores between groups. Eight children in control and nine in intervention completed participation. The intervention group showed significant benefits in LiSN-S pattern and total advantage scores, and improvements in BKB-SIN. The effect size for the change in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scores on the BKB-SIN in the intervention group was large (Cohen's d = 1.22). The control group showed a smaller, nonsignificant change in SNR. The follow up mixed-effects model indicated that the treatment group showed greater improvement in total advantage scores from pre- to posttreatment compared with the control group. Conclusions: Results provide preliminary independent evidence supporting the efficacy of Sound Storm in children with LiD. Large improvement in BKB-SIN results was not expected because the training focuses on spatialized listening noise. This indicated that benefits from Sound Storm may extend beyond spatially structured tests to other listening conditions involving multitalker babble. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Small-Scale Randomized Trial of Spatial Listening Training in Children With Listening Difficulties.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nagaraj%2C+Naveen+K%2E%22">Nagaraj, Naveen K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Magimairaj%2C+Beula+M%2E%22">Magimairaj, Beula M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> Beula.Magimairaj@cchmc.org</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Perspectives+of+the+ASHA+Special+Interest+Groups%22">Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 11 Issue 3, p796-807. 12p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis%22">Data analysis</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Audiometry%22">Audiometry</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Caregivers%22">Caregivers</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+perception%22">Speech perception</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+tests%22">Psychological tests</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+of+children+with+disabilities%22">Psychology of children with disabilities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Word+deafness%22">Word deafness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Noise%22">Noise</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T-test+%28Statistics%29%22">T-test (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Task+performance%22">Task performance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rehabilitation%22">Rehabilitation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+sampling%22">Statistical sampling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rehabilitation+of+children+with+disabilities%22">Rehabilitation of children with disabilities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Treatment+effectiveness%22">Treatment effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Randomized+controlled+trials%22">Randomized controlled trials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistics%22">Statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+reliability%22">Statistical reliability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Space+perception%22">Space perception</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hard+of+hearing+people%22">Hard of hearing people</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: We assessed the efficacy of spatial listening training in children with listening difficulties (LiDs) given limited research in this area of high clinical significance. Method: Twenty children (7-11.11 years) with LiD who passed hearing and nonverbal IQ screening participated. The Evaluation of Children's Listening and Processing Skills (ECLiPS) questionnaire was used to quantify LiD. Children with LiD were randomly assigned to intervention or control. Intervention included Sound Storm spatialized listening in noise training (previously known as LiSN & Learn). Outcomes were the Bamford-Kowal-Bench Speech-in-Noise (BKB-SIN) test and the Listening in Spatialized Noise-Sentences (LiSN-S) test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in ECLiPS standard scores between groups. Eight children in control and nine in intervention completed participation. The intervention group showed significant benefits in LiSN-S pattern and total advantage scores, and improvements in BKB-SIN. The effect size for the change in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scores on the BKB-SIN in the intervention group was large (Cohen's d = 1.22). The control group showed a smaller, nonsignificant change in SNR. The follow up mixed-effects model indicated that the treatment group showed greater improvement in total advantage scores from pre- to posttreatment compared with the control group. Conclusions: Results provide preliminary independent evidence supporting the efficacy of Sound Storm in children with LiD. Large improvement in BKB-SIN results was not expected because the training focuses on spatialized listening noise. This indicated that benefits from Sound Storm may extend beyond spatially structured tests to other listening conditions involving multitalker babble. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1044/2026_PERSP-25-00267
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 796
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Audiometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Caregivers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech perception
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychological tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of children with disabilities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Word deafness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Noise
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: T-test (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Task performance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rehabilitation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical sampling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rehabilitation of children with disabilities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Treatment effectiveness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Randomized controlled trials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical reliability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Space perception
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hard of hearing people
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Small-Scale Randomized Trial of Spatial Listening Training in Children With Listening Difficulties.
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            NameFull: Nagaraj, Naveen K.
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups
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