"What Makes an Appalachian?": An Intersectional Psychological Investigation of Appalachian Identity and Protective Factors.

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Title: "What Makes an Appalachian?": An Intersectional Psychological Investigation of Appalachian Identity and Protective Factors.
Authors: Simpson, Tess Ann tessann.simpson@maryvillecollege.edu, Hedrick, Mary Jo olivermj@etsu.edu
Source: Journal of Appalachian Studies. Spring2026, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p99-116. 18p.
Subject Terms: *Exploratory factor analysis, Dynamics, Social groups, Stereotypes
Geographic Terms: Appalachian Region
Abstract: The purpose of the current study was to apply an intersectional and strengths-based perspective to understand who endorses an Appalachian identity. Specifically, we explored the relationships among Appalachian identity endorsement, race and ethnicity endorsement, and positive childhood experiences (PCEs). We utilized intersectional techniques suggesting that psychologists should consider that (1) participants are multidimensional, (2) participants' social group memberships are dynamic, (3) power is a feature of participant's intersectional positions, and (4) participants' intersectional positions create outcomes of systemic advantage and disadvantage. Our exploratory analysis revealed two key factors related to Appalachian identity. First, those who are white are approximately 5.4 times more likely to self-identify as Appalachian. Individuals who already hold a marginalized or stereotyped social identity may be reluctant to self-identify as Appalachian, due to the stereotypes attributed to Appalachians. Second, women who have more positive childhood experiences are approximately 1.12 times more likely to self-identify as Appalachian. One potential explanation for this is that people who identify with the experience of Appalachia may have close kinship networks. In the present study, we began to answer questions related to Appalachian identity and its relationship to protective factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Appalachian Studies is the property of Appalachian Studies Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: "What Makes an Appalachian?": An Intersectional Psychological Investigation of Appalachian Identity and Protective Factors.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Simpson%2C+Tess+Ann%22">Simpson, Tess Ann</searchLink><i> tessann.simpson@maryvillecollege.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hedrick%2C+Mary+Jo%22">Hedrick, Mary Jo</searchLink><i> olivermj@etsu.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Appalachian+Studies%22">Journal of Appalachian Studies</searchLink>. Spring2026, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p99-116. 18p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Exploratory+factor+analysis%22">Exploratory factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dynamics%22">Dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+groups%22">Social groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stereotypes%22">Stereotypes</searchLink>
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  Data: The purpose of the current study was to apply an intersectional and strengths-based perspective to understand who endorses an Appalachian identity. Specifically, we explored the relationships among Appalachian identity endorsement, race and ethnicity endorsement, and positive childhood experiences (PCEs). We utilized intersectional techniques suggesting that psychologists should consider that (1) participants are multidimensional, (2) participants' social group memberships are dynamic, (3) power is a feature of participant's intersectional positions, and (4) participants' intersectional positions create outcomes of systemic advantage and disadvantage. Our exploratory analysis revealed two key factors related to Appalachian identity. First, those who are white are approximately 5.4 times more likely to self-identify as Appalachian. Individuals who already hold a marginalized or stereotyped social identity may be reluctant to self-identify as Appalachian, due to the stereotypes attributed to Appalachians. Second, women who have more positive childhood experiences are approximately 1.12 times more likely to self-identify as Appalachian. One potential explanation for this is that people who identify with the experience of Appalachia may have close kinship networks. In the present study, we began to answer questions related to Appalachian identity and its relationship to protective factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Appalachian Studies is the property of Appalachian Studies Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.5406/23288612.32.1.06
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Social groups
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      – SubjectFull: Stereotypes
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      – SubjectFull: Appalachian Region
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              Text: Spring2026
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              Y: 2026
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