Gendered Impacts of Climate-Driven Farmer– Herder Conflicts: Examining the Impacts of Risk Communication, Grassroots Livelihoods, and Food Security in Nigeria’s Middle Belt and Southeast Regions.

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Title: Gendered Impacts of Climate-Driven Farmer– Herder Conflicts: Examining the Impacts of Risk Communication, Grassroots Livelihoods, and Food Security in Nigeria’s Middle Belt and Southeast Regions.
Authors: Chime-Nganya, Chioma R.1 chiomaovykes@gmail.com, Onyegbule, Kelechi Goodluck2 onyegbule.kelechi@funai.edu.ng, Cosmas, Nwoga Chibuzor3 nwoga.chibuzor@funai.edu.ng, Onwuma, Patrick Chinonso4 patrick.onwuma@funai.edu.ng, Ogayi, Ali John5 ajohn6253@gmail.com, Juliet, Okwubunka Ukamaka5 ukamaka.juliet@funai.edu.ng, Taiwo, Ijeoma Njideka3 ijeomataiwo@gmail.com, Amulu, Sampson Obum6 sampsonamulu@gmail.com
Source: International Journal of Special Education. 2026 Special Issue, Vol. 41, p579-594. 16p.
Subject Terms: *Gender inequality, Risk communication, Rural conditions, Food security
Geographic Terms: Nigeria, Benue State (Nigeria)
Abstract: The increasing rate of climate uncertainty, including irregular rainfall, desertification and land degradation has exacerbated farmers-herders conflicts in some regions in Nigeria. This study investigates how climate-induced conflicts intersects with unequal access to communication infrastructure and gender inequality to shape everyday life in a selected hot zones in the Nigeria’s Middle Belt (Plateau and Benue States) and Southeast (Ebonyi and Enugu States). The study adopted comparative mixed approach to integrate gender-disaggregated focus group discussion and household survey, oral interviews and secondary literature on climate and conflict. Findings show that inasmuch as climate variability stand as structural determinant of resource conflict, outcomes of such conflicts are majorly framed by unequal communication infrastructure and weak institutions. For instance, the study established that women face unequal disruptions like increased vulnerability to violence and displacement, heightened unpaid care burdens, limited market access, and reduced agricultural productivity, resulting from their exclusion from risk communication infrastructure. It argues that timely access to reliable information significantly improves adaptive strength of grassroots communities and food security. Comparative analysis reveals more severe vulnerability in the Middle Belt than in the Southeast, reflecting differences in conflict intensity and communication infrastructure. The study concludes that effective interventions must integrate gender-sensitive risk communication with governance and livelihood reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Special Education is the property of International Journal of Special Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Gendered Impacts of Climate-Driven Farmer– Herder Conflicts: Examining the Impacts of Risk Communication, Grassroots Livelihoods, and Food Security in Nigeria’s Middle Belt and Southeast Regions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Special+Education%22">International Journal of Special Education</searchLink>. 2026 Special Issue, Vol. 41, p579-594. 16p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+inequality%22">Gender inequality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk+communication%22">Risk communication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rural+conditions%22">Rural conditions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+security%22">Food security</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nigeria%22">Nigeria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Benue+State+%28Nigeria%29%22">Benue State (Nigeria)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The increasing rate of climate uncertainty, including irregular rainfall, desertification and land degradation has exacerbated farmers-herders conflicts in some regions in Nigeria. This study investigates how climate-induced conflicts intersects with unequal access to communication infrastructure and gender inequality to shape everyday life in a selected hot zones in the Nigeria’s Middle Belt (Plateau and Benue States) and Southeast (Ebonyi and Enugu States). The study adopted comparative mixed approach to integrate gender-disaggregated focus group discussion and household survey, oral interviews and secondary literature on climate and conflict. Findings show that inasmuch as climate variability stand as structural determinant of resource conflict, outcomes of such conflicts are majorly framed by unequal communication infrastructure and weak institutions. For instance, the study established that women face unequal disruptions like increased vulnerability to violence and displacement, heightened unpaid care burdens, limited market access, and reduced agricultural productivity, resulting from their exclusion from risk communication infrastructure. It argues that timely access to reliable information significantly improves adaptive strength of grassroots communities and food security. Comparative analysis reveals more severe vulnerability in the Middle Belt than in the Southeast, reflecting differences in conflict intensity and communication infrastructure. The study concludes that effective interventions must integrate gender-sensitive risk communication with governance and livelihood reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Special Education is the property of International Journal of Special Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 579
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Gender inequality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk communication
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rural conditions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Food security
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nigeria
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Benue State (Nigeria)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Gendered Impacts of Climate-Driven Farmer– Herder Conflicts: Examining the Impacts of Risk Communication, Grassroots Livelihoods, and Food Security in Nigeria’s Middle Belt and Southeast Regions.
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            – D: 06
              M: 01
              Text: 2026 Special Issue
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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