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Knowledge, attitude, and frequency of hookah smoking among medical students.

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Title: Knowledge, attitude, and frequency of hookah smoking among medical students.
Authors: Mahdi, Batool Mutar1 (AUTHOR) abas_susan@yahoo.com, Mohammed, Mohammed Sadiq Hayder1 (AUTHOR), Nassrullah, Farah Fadhil1 (AUTHOR), Mousa, Ghadeer Ali1 (AUTHOR), Mezher, Kawthar Walid1 (AUTHOR), Kadhim, Mohammed Abbas1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. Apr-Jun2026, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p601-610. 10p.
Subject Terms: *Habit, *Health occupations students, *Student attitudes, *Psychology of medical students, Risk assessment, Cross-sectional method, Smoking, Questionnaires, Electronic cigarettes, Flavoring essences, Descriptive statistics, Lungs, Larynx, Heart, Chi-squared test, Health behavior, Tobacco products, Blood pressure, Data analysis software, Relaxation for health, Diabetes
Geographic Terms: Iraq
Abstract: Background: Hookah or waterpipe smoking use is a developing trend in the many populations, especially among the young age group. Hookah users are exposed to many of the same toxic compounds or by-products as cigarette users with a higher level of harmful effects. Aim of the study: To assess frequency, knowledge, attitude health behavior toward the risks and complication of cigarettes smoking and hookah in particular of Al-Kindy medical students. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to April 2023 to assess frequency of Hookah smoking among 507 medical students at Al-Kindy Medical College. An online questionnaire by Google forms was used to collect the data. Results: The total participants students were 507 who studied at Al-kindy College of Medicine in different stages. Males were constituted 63.1% and the rest were females (36.9%). Regarding smoking habit, 31.95% (162) of them were smoker and the rest 68.05% (345) were not smoker(p = 0.000). Most of them had mixed type of smoking (cigar, hookah, and vape) (14.19%). (0.000) that it had an effect on general health (46.1%), lung (68.8%), larynx (67.1%), heart, blood pressure, diabetes but not bladder, stomach, COVID-19 transmission. There is a significant increase (63.5%) (p = 0.000) regarding their attitude that hookah had a significant amount of tobacco, no benefit of fruity flavors (62.3%), and no relaxation effect (90.53%). Conclusions: There is a significant decrease in smoking habits among medical students due to their knowledge of its negative effects on health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Knowledge, attitude, and frequency of hookah smoking among medical students.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mahdi%2C+Batool+Mutar%22">Mahdi, Batool Mutar</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> abas_susan@yahoo.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mohammed%2C+Mohammed+Sadiq+Hayder%22">Mohammed, Mohammed Sadiq Hayder</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nassrullah%2C+Farah+Fadhil%22">Nassrullah, Farah Fadhil</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mousa%2C+Ghadeer+Ali%22">Mousa, Ghadeer Ali</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mezher%2C+Kawthar+Walid%22">Mezher, Kawthar Walid</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kadhim%2C+Mohammed+Abbas%22">Kadhim, Mohammed Abbas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Ethnicity+in+Substance+Abuse%22">Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse</searchLink>. Apr-Jun2026, Vol. 25 Issue 2, p601-610. 10p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Habit%22">Habit</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+occupations+students%22">Health occupations students</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+attitudes%22">Student attitudes</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+of+medical+students%22">Psychology of medical students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk+assessment%22">Risk assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Smoking%22">Smoking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+cigarettes%22">Electronic cigarettes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flavoring+essences%22">Flavoring essences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lungs%22">Lungs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Larynx%22">Larynx</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heart%22">Heart</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chi-squared+test%22">Chi-squared test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+behavior%22">Health behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tobacco+products%22">Tobacco products</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Blood+pressure%22">Blood pressure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Relaxation+for+health%22">Relaxation for health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diabetes%22">Diabetes</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Iraq%22">Iraq</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Hookah or waterpipe smoking use is a developing trend in the many populations, especially among the young age group. Hookah users are exposed to many of the same toxic compounds or by-products as cigarette users with a higher level of harmful effects. Aim of the study: To assess frequency, knowledge, attitude health behavior toward the risks and complication of cigarettes smoking and hookah in particular of Al-Kindy medical students. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to April 2023 to assess frequency of Hookah smoking among 507 medical students at Al-Kindy Medical College. An online questionnaire by Google forms was used to collect the data. Results: The total participants students were 507 who studied at Al-kindy College of Medicine in different stages. Males were constituted 63.1% and the rest were females (36.9%). Regarding smoking habit, 31.95% (162) of them were smoker and the rest 68.05% (345) were not smoker(p = 0.000). Most of them had mixed type of smoking (cigar, hookah, and vape) (14.19%). (0.000) that it had an effect on general health (46.1%), lung (68.8%), larynx (67.1%), heart, blood pressure, diabetes but not bladder, stomach, COVID-19 transmission. There is a significant increase (63.5%) (p = 0.000) regarding their attitude that hookah had a significant amount of tobacco, no benefit of fruity flavors (62.3%), and no relaxation effect (90.53%). Conclusions: There is a significant decrease in smoking habits among medical students due to their knowledge of its negative effects on health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=ehh&AN=194897966
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/15332640.2024.2391960
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 601
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Habit
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health occupations students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Student attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of medical students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Smoking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electronic cigarettes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Flavoring essences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lungs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Larynx
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heart
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tobacco products
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Blood pressure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Relaxation for health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Diabetes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Iraq
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Knowledge, attitude, and frequency of hookah smoking among medical students.
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr-Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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