Discurso de odio en redes: Intersección género, raza y clase. Estado del arte.
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| Title: | Discurso de odio en redes: Intersección género, raza y clase. Estado del arte. |
|---|---|
| Alternate Title: | Hate Speech on Social Media: The Intersection of Gender, Race, and Class. State-of-the-art. |
| Authors: | Machado-Mena, Karen Hasleidy1 khmm@utp.edu.co |
| Source: | Comunicar. jul2026, Vol. 34 Issue 86, p15-30. 16p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Social media, *Algorithmic bias, *Mixed methods research, *Gender, Hate speech, Intersectionality, Upper class, Race |
| Abstract (English): | This PRISMA systematic review of 49 studies analyzes recent scientific production (2017-2025) to account for approaches to the intersectional nature of hate speech on social media, where gender, race, and socioeconomic class intertwine, producing experiences of digital discrimination. The objective was to identify the predominant theoretical and methodological frameworks and evaluate their capacity to capture this complexity. We employed a mixed-methods approach that integrated bibliometric analysis (using Bibliometrix and VOSviewer) and critical content analysis of the literature indexed in Scopus, following the PRISMA criteria. The field shows exponential growth since 2021, with production concentrated in Spain (44.9% of the corpus) and a core of specialized journals. Mixed-methods approaches predominate, combining computational techniques (NLP, machine learning) with critical discourse analysis. While we identified psychosocial (Integrated Threat Theory) and critical (Intersectionality, Critical Race Theory) frameworks, the analysis reveals a lack of perspectives such as platform governmentality and affective economies. The social class dimension remains understudied compared to gender and race. We conclude that research must adopt more robust frameworks and integrated methodologies that simultaneously capture computational scale, the structural depth of intersectional oppressions, the affective dimension, and algorithmic governance to develop interventions that address the roots of intersectional hate in contemporary digital ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): | Esta revisión sistemática PRISMA de 49 estudios analiza la producción científica reciente (2017-2025), para dar cuenta del abordaje del carácter interseccional del discurso de odio en redes sociales, donde género, raza y clase socioeconómica se entrelazan produciendo experiencias de discriminación digital. El objetivo fue identificar los marcos teóricometodológicos predominantes y evaluar su capacidad para capturar esta complejidad. Empleamos una metodología mixta que integró análisis bibliométrico (con Bibliometrix y VOSviewer) y análisis de contenido crítico de la literatura indexada en Scopus siguiendo los criterios PRISMA. El campo evidencia un crecimiento exponencial desde 2021, con una producción concentrada en España (44,9% del corpus) y un núcleo central de revistas especializadas. Predominan los métodos mixtos, combinando técnicas computacionales (PLN, aprendizaje automático) con análisis crítico del discurso. Si bien identificamos marcos psicosociales (Teoría de la amenaza integrada) y críticos (Interseccionalidad, Teoría crítica de la raza), el análisis revela ausencia de perspectivas como la gubernamentalidad de plataformas y las economías afectivas. La dimensión de clase social permanece subestudiada en comparación con el género y la raza. Concluimos que la investigación debe adoptar marcos más robustos y metodologías integradas que capturen simultáneamente la escala computacional, la profundidad estructural de las opresiones interseccionales, la dimensión afectiva y la gobernanza algorítmica, para desarrollar intervenciones que aborden las raíces del odio interseccional en los ecosistemas digitales contemporáneos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Comunicar is the property of Oxbridge Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Education Research Complete |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: ehh DbLabel: Education Research Complete An: 195962795 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Discurso de odio en redes: Intersección género, raza y clase. Estado del arte. – Name: TitleAlt Label: Alternate Title Group: TiAlt Data: Hate Speech on Social Media: The Intersection of Gender, Race, and Class. State-of-the-art. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Machado-Mena%2C+Karen+Hasleidy%22">Machado-Mena, Karen Hasleidy</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> khmm@utp.edu.co</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Comunicar%22">Comunicar</searchLink>. jul2026, Vol. 34 Issue 86, p15-30. 16p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+media%22">Social media</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Algorithmic+bias%22">Algorithmic bias</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mixed+methods+research%22">Mixed methods research</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender%22">Gender</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hate+speech%22">Hate speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intersectionality%22">Intersectionality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Upper+class%22">Upper class</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Race%22">Race</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract (English) Group: Ab Data: This PRISMA systematic review of 49 studies analyzes recent scientific production (2017-2025) to account for approaches to the intersectional nature of hate speech on social media, where gender, race, and socioeconomic class intertwine, producing experiences of digital discrimination. The objective was to identify the predominant theoretical and methodological frameworks and evaluate their capacity to capture this complexity. We employed a mixed-methods approach that integrated bibliometric analysis (using Bibliometrix and VOSviewer) and critical content analysis of the literature indexed in Scopus, following the PRISMA criteria. The field shows exponential growth since 2021, with production concentrated in Spain (44.9% of the corpus) and a core of specialized journals. Mixed-methods approaches predominate, combining computational techniques (NLP, machine learning) with critical discourse analysis. While we identified psychosocial (Integrated Threat Theory) and critical (Intersectionality, Critical Race Theory) frameworks, the analysis reveals a lack of perspectives such as platform governmentality and affective economies. The social class dimension remains understudied compared to gender and race. We conclude that research must adopt more robust frameworks and integrated methodologies that simultaneously capture computational scale, the structural depth of intersectional oppressions, the affective dimension, and algorithmic governance to develop interventions that address the roots of intersectional hate in contemporary digital ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract (Spanish) Group: Ab Data: Esta revisión sistemática PRISMA de 49 estudios analiza la producción científica reciente (2017-2025), para dar cuenta del abordaje del carácter interseccional del discurso de odio en redes sociales, donde género, raza y clase socioeconómica se entrelazan produciendo experiencias de discriminación digital. El objetivo fue identificar los marcos teóricometodológicos predominantes y evaluar su capacidad para capturar esta complejidad. Empleamos una metodología mixta que integró análisis bibliométrico (con Bibliometrix y VOSviewer) y análisis de contenido crítico de la literatura indexada en Scopus siguiendo los criterios PRISMA. El campo evidencia un crecimiento exponencial desde 2021, con una producción concentrada en España (44,9% del corpus) y un núcleo central de revistas especializadas. Predominan los métodos mixtos, combinando técnicas computacionales (PLN, aprendizaje automático) con análisis crítico del discurso. Si bien identificamos marcos psicosociales (Teoría de la amenaza integrada) y críticos (Interseccionalidad, Teoría crítica de la raza), el análisis revela ausencia de perspectivas como la gubernamentalidad de plataformas y las economías afectivas. La dimensión de clase social permanece subestudiada en comparación con el género y la raza. Concluimos que la investigación debe adoptar marcos más robustos y metodologías integradas que capturen simultáneamente la escala computacional, la profundidad estructural de las opresiones interseccionales, la dimensión afectiva y la gobernanza algorítmica, para desarrollar intervenciones que aborden las raíces del odio interseccional en los ecosistemas digitales contemporáneos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Comunicar is the property of Oxbridge Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.5281/zenodo.21298546 Languages: – Code: spa Text: Spanish PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 16 StartPage: 15 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Social media Type: general – SubjectFull: Algorithmic bias Type: general – SubjectFull: Mixed methods research Type: general – SubjectFull: Gender Type: general – SubjectFull: Hate speech Type: general – SubjectFull: Intersectionality Type: general – SubjectFull: Upper class Type: general – SubjectFull: Race Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Discurso de odio en redes: Intersección género, raza y clase. Estado del arte. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Machado-Mena, Karen Hasleidy IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 07 Text: jul2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 11343478 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 34 – Type: issue Value: 86 Titles: – TitleFull: Comunicar Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
