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Practicing a Functional Task Improves Steadiness with Hand Muscles in Older Adults.

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Title: Practicing a Functional Task Improves Steadiness with Hand Muscles in Older Adults.
Authors: MARMON, ADAM R.1 marmon@udel.edu, GOULD, JEFFREY R.2, ENOKA, ROGER M.2
Source: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Aug2011, Vol. 43 Issue 8, p1531-1537. 7p. 1 Chart.
Subject Terms: *Statistical correlation, Tremor, Analysis of variance, Clinical trials, Hand, Muscle contraction, Research funding, T-test (Statistics), Task performance, Repeated measures design, Data analysis software, Old age, Therapeutics
Abstract: MARMON, A. R., J. R. GOULD, and R. M. ENOKA. Practicing a Functional Task Improves Steadiness with Hand Muscles in Older Adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc, Vol. 43, No. 8, pp. 1531-1537,2011. Introduction: Improvements in steadiness with practice have been associated with enhanced performance on a functional task in old adults. Purpose: The aims of the study were to examine the specificity of the association between steadiness and a functional task and to assess the influence of practicing a functional task on force steadiness of hand muscles. Methods: Twenty-three older adults (>70 yr) participated in the study and were assigned to either a practice group (n = 15) or a control group (n = 8). Subjects completed two testing sessions that were 2 wk apart. The practice group completed six additional sessions to practice a functional task (Grooved Pegboard). Tests included maximal voluntary contractions (MVC). force steadiness (precision pinch and index finger abduction) at three target forces (5%, 15%, and 25% MVC), and the Grooved Pegboard test. The associations between strength, steadiness, and the time needed to complete the Grooved Pegboard test were examined. In addition, MVC force, steadiness, and pegboard time were compared between the two testing sessions. Results: The time needed to complete the Grooved Pegboard test was associated with index finger abduction steadiness for two of the three target forces (15% and 25% MVC) but was not associated with pinch steadiness. Practice significantly reduced the time needed to complete the Grooved Pegboard test and improved steadiness in both tasks. Conclusions: Force steadiness provides an appropriate index of hand function, especially when measured at low forces. Key Words: AGING, GROOVED PEGBOARD, PRACTICE, HAND FUNCTION [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Practicing a Functional Task Improves Steadiness with Hand Muscles in Older Adults.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22MARMON%2C+ADAM+R%2E%22">MARMON, ADAM R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> marmon@udel.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22GOULD%2C+JEFFREY+R%2E%22">GOULD, JEFFREY R.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22ENOKA%2C+ROGER+M%2E%22">ENOKA, ROGER M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Medicine+%26+Science+in+Sports+%26+Exercise%22">Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise</searchLink>. Aug2011, Vol. 43 Issue 8, p1531-1537. 7p. 1 Chart.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+correlation%22">Statistical correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tremor%22">Tremor</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analysis+of+variance%22">Analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Clinical+trials%22">Clinical trials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hand%22">Hand</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Muscle+contraction%22">Muscle contraction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22T-test+%28Statistics%29%22">T-test (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Task+performance%22">Task performance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Repeated+measures+design%22">Repeated measures design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Old+age%22">Old age</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Therapeutics%22">Therapeutics</searchLink>
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  Data: MARMON, A. R., J. R. GOULD, and R. M. ENOKA. Practicing a Functional Task Improves Steadiness with Hand Muscles in Older Adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc, Vol. 43, No. 8, pp. 1531-1537,2011. Introduction: Improvements in steadiness with practice have been associated with enhanced performance on a functional task in old adults. Purpose: The aims of the study were to examine the specificity of the association between steadiness and a functional task and to assess the influence of practicing a functional task on force steadiness of hand muscles. Methods: Twenty-three older adults (>70 yr) participated in the study and were assigned to either a practice group (n = 15) or a control group (n = 8). Subjects completed two testing sessions that were 2 wk apart. The practice group completed six additional sessions to practice a functional task (Grooved Pegboard). Tests included maximal voluntary contractions (MVC). force steadiness (precision pinch and index finger abduction) at three target forces (5%, 15%, and 25% MVC), and the Grooved Pegboard test. The associations between strength, steadiness, and the time needed to complete the Grooved Pegboard test were examined. In addition, MVC force, steadiness, and pegboard time were compared between the two testing sessions. Results: The time needed to complete the Grooved Pegboard test was associated with index finger abduction steadiness for two of the three target forces (15% and 25% MVC) but was not associated with pinch steadiness. Practice significantly reduced the time needed to complete the Grooved Pegboard test and improved steadiness in both tasks. Conclusions: Force steadiness provides an appropriate index of hand function, especially when measured at low forces. Key Words: AGING, GROOVED PEGBOARD, PRACTICE, HAND FUNCTION [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise is the property of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182100439
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      – SubjectFull: Task performance
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      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Old age
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      – SubjectFull: Therapeutics
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      – TitleFull: Practicing a Functional Task Improves Steadiness with Hand Muscles in Older Adults.
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            NameFull: ENOKA, ROGER M.
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              Text: Aug2011
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              Y: 2011
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