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Literacy Outcomes of Children With Early Childhood Speech Sound Disorders: Impact of Endophenotypes.

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Title: Literacy Outcomes of Children With Early Childhood Speech Sound Disorders: Impact of Endophenotypes.
Authors: Lewis, Barbara A.1 bxl@case.edu, Avrich, Allison A.1, Freebairn, Lisa A.1, Hansen, Amy J.1, Sucheston, Lara E.2, Kuo, Iris1, Taylor, H. Gerry1, Iyengar, Sudha K.1, Stein, Catherine M.1
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Dec2011, Vol. 54 Issue 6, p1628-1643. 16p.
Subject Terms: *Speech disorders, *Intelligence tests, *Language acquisition, *Literacy, *Speech evaluation, *Speech therapists, *Intelligibility of speech, Chromosomes, Research funding, Scales (Weighing instruments), Phenotypes, Structural equation modeling, Genetics
Abstract: Purpose: To demonstrate that early childhood speech sound disorders (SSD) and later school-age reading, written expression, and spelling skills are influenced by shared endophenotypes that may be in part genetic. Method: Children with SSD and their siblings were assessed at early childhood (ages 4-6 years) and followed at school age (7-12 years). The relationship of shared endophenotypes with early childhood SSD and school-age outcomes and the shared genetic influences on these outcomes were examined. Results: Structural equation modeling demonstrated that oral motor skills, phonological awareness, phonological memory, vocabulary, and speeded naming have varying influences on reading decoding, spelling, spoken language, and written expression at school age. Genetic linkage studies demonstrated linkage for reading, spelling, and written expression measures to regions on chromosomes 1, 3, 6, and 15 that were previously linked to oral motor skills, articulation, phonological memory, and vocabulary at early childhood testing. Conclusions: Endophenotypes predict school-age literacy outcomes over and above that predicted by clinical diagnoses of SSD or language impairment. Findings suggest that these shared endophenotypes and common genetic influences affect early childhood SSD and later school-age reading, spelling, spoken language, and written expression skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Literacy Outcomes of Children With Early Childhood Speech Sound Disorders: Impact of Endophenotypes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lewis%2C+Barbara+A%2E%22">Lewis, Barbara A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> bxl@case.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Avrich%2C+Allison+A%2E%22">Avrich, Allison A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Freebairn%2C+Lisa+A%2E%22">Freebairn, Lisa A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hansen%2C+Amy+J%2E%22">Hansen, Amy J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sucheston%2C+Lara+E%2E%22">Sucheston, Lara E.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kuo%2C+Iris%22">Kuo, Iris</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Taylor%2C+H%2E+Gerry%22">Taylor, H. Gerry</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Iyengar%2C+Sudha+K%2E%22">Iyengar, Sudha K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stein%2C+Catherine+M%2E%22">Stein, Catherine M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Dec2011, Vol. 54 Issue 6, p1628-1643. 16p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+disorders%22">Speech disorders</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intelligence+tests%22">Intelligence tests</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+acquisition%22">Language acquisition</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Literacy%22">Literacy</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+evaluation%22">Speech evaluation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+therapists%22">Speech therapists</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intelligibility+of+speech%22">Intelligibility of speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chromosomes%22">Chromosomes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scales+%28Weighing+instruments%29%22">Scales (Weighing instruments)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phenotypes%22">Phenotypes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+equation+modeling%22">Structural equation modeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetics%22">Genetics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: To demonstrate that early childhood speech sound disorders (SSD) and later school-age reading, written expression, and spelling skills are influenced by shared endophenotypes that may be in part genetic. Method: Children with SSD and their siblings were assessed at early childhood (ages 4-6 years) and followed at school age (7-12 years). The relationship of shared endophenotypes with early childhood SSD and school-age outcomes and the shared genetic influences on these outcomes were examined. Results: Structural equation modeling demonstrated that oral motor skills, phonological awareness, phonological memory, vocabulary, and speeded naming have varying influences on reading decoding, spelling, spoken language, and written expression at school age. Genetic linkage studies demonstrated linkage for reading, spelling, and written expression measures to regions on chromosomes 1, 3, 6, and 15 that were previously linked to oral motor skills, articulation, phonological memory, and vocabulary at early childhood testing. Conclusions: Endophenotypes predict school-age literacy outcomes over and above that predicted by clinical diagnoses of SSD or language impairment. Findings suggest that these shared endophenotypes and common genetic influences affect early childhood SSD and later school-age reading, spelling, spoken language, and written expression skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1044/1092-4388(2011/10-0124)
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 1628
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Speech disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intelligence tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language acquisition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Literacy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech therapists
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intelligibility of speech
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chromosomes
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Scales (Weighing instruments)
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      – SubjectFull: Phenotypes
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      – SubjectFull: Structural equation modeling
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      – SubjectFull: Genetics
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      – TitleFull: Literacy Outcomes of Children With Early Childhood Speech Sound Disorders: Impact of Endophenotypes.
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2011
              Type: published
              Y: 2011
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